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1) [line 18] PASEI BIRA'OS
(a) Chazal instituted various lenient rulings in order to help Jews keep the Mitzvah of Aliyah l'Regel (traveling to the Beis ha'Mikdash for the holidays of Pesach, Shavu'os and Sukos). One of these is called Pasei Bira'os (planks for the springs).

(b) If a well is four by four Tefachim wide and ten Tefachim deep, it is considered to be a Reshus ha'Yachid. If it is located in middle of Reshus ha'Rabim, one may not draw water from the well (= Reshus ha'Yachid) and set the bucket down at the edge of the pit (= Reshus ha'Rabim) for an animal to drink. One may only drink from the well by climbing *into* the well, and drinking its water while in the well.

(c) By placing four corner pieces around the well (each made of two planks one Amah wide and ten Tefachim tall, set perpendicular to each other), the area enclosed by the planks is considered to be a 4-walled Reshus ha'Yachid and the open space between them is considered a "doorway" in a full wall. It is therefore permitted for a person to set a bucket of water drawn from the well at a point enclosed by the planks, and bring his animal (or most of it) within that area to drink from the water.

(d) The corner pieces were placed 10 Amos apart according to Rebbi Meir and 13 1/3 Amos apart according to Rebbi Yehudah. To enclose an area larger than 10 or 13 1/3 Amos, extra planks must be added between the corner pieces to shorten the gaps between them.

2) [line 25] PISCHEI SHIMA'EI - (a) desolate entryways (*Shomemim*) (RASHI); (b) ruined entryways, i.e. lacking the necessary components (RASHI); (c) the entryways of Eretz Yisrael, which is called the land of the sons of *Shem* (RABEINU CHANANEL)

3) [line 27] SHAKAFEI - posts. Stones are missing from the walls at the sides of the entryway to the extent that the door-posts do not form a straight vertical line

4) [line 28] TIKRAH - (lit. ceiling) lintel
5) [line 30] BIK'AS BEIS CHAVARTAN - in the valley of Beis Chavartan; this is probably referring to Chavran or Auran, one of the mountains where a fire was lit signaling Rosh Chodesh (Rosh ha'Shanah 22b), located in the country east of the Jordan River named Aurantis

6) [line 30] KUNDISIN - poles
7) [line 31] MATACH ZEMORAH - stretched a vine

8) [line 1] PEI'AH - braided vines which are strung between poles (at the top) to form a Tzuras ha'Pesach (see Background to Eruvin 6:7)

9) [line 14] KANIN HA'DOKRANIN - spiked poles that are stuck into the ground standing up

10) [line 18] KASHIN - straw
11) [line 19] HEIKER TZIR - an indication of a hinge-pin
12) [line 19] AVAKSA - a socket for the door hinge-pin
*13*) [line 21] LO AMAR V'LO KLUM - he did not have any requirements for Tzuras ha'Pesach. (That is, (a) he did not any requirements to the above- mentioned ones; or (b) he disagreed with one or all of the three above- mentioned requirements (1. It cannot be Min ha'Tzad; 2. It must be strong enough for hanging a door; 3. It must have a hinge-hole). See Insights

14) [line 24] SHAM'EI - his attendant
15) [line 24] SHELOF SHADINHU - pull apart the Tzuras ha'Pesach that Rav Nachman made (where the horizontal piece did not touch the side-posts) and throw it down

16) [line 25] CHAVSHUHU - they locked him up in prison
17a) [line 25] GADA, PUK TA! - (Rav) Gada! Come out
b) [line 26] NAFAK V'ASA - [they gave him permission and] he went out to him (RABEINU CHANANEL)

18) [line 27] KIPAH - an archway
19) [line 30] LA'CHUK - to (fictitiously) excavate

20) [line 31] CHOKEKIN L'HASHLIM
(a) Chokekin l'Hashlim (Excavating to complete [a required measurement]) is a Halachic device by which a small space may be judged to be larger if there is sufficient volume in the surrounding walls to provide the extra size.

(b) For example, the Gemara records an argument between Rebbi Meir and Chachamim as to whether we apply Chokekin l'Hashlim in a situation where an archway's opening is too small to require a Mezuzah (i.e., it is not four Tefachim wide for a height of ten Tefachim), but the walls surrounding the archway are thick. If they are thick enough that had they been excavated, the doorway could be made 4 Tefachim wide for a height of ten Tefachim, Rebbi Meir asserts that the doorway must have a Mezuzah.

(c) Chokekin l'Hashlim is only applied to *part* of an opening, not to the entire opening. For example, in the above situation Rebbi Meir applies Chokekin l'Hashlim only when the lower three Tefachim of the doorway are already four Tefachim wide, but the before it reaches a height of ten Tefachim the doorway gets narrower.. Chokekin can *complete* the doorway by making the top as if it, too, were four Tefachim wide, although it really is less than that.

21) [line 34] LECHAYAYIN - two poles or planks, one on either side of the opening

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