POINT BY POINT SUMMARY
Prepared by Rabbi P. Feldman of Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Yerushalayim Rosh Kollel: Rabbi Mordecai Kornfeld
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Zevachim 90
ZEVACHIM 89-90 - sponsored by Harav Ari Bergmann of Lawrence, N.Y. Mazel Tov
on the Bar Mitzvah of his son; may he grow to be a true Ben Torah and Yerei
Shamayim and bring his parents -- and all of Yisrael -- much Nachas!
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1) WHEN DOES "ZERIKAH" TAKE EFFECT ON "EIMURIM"?
(a) Suggestion: Tana'im argue about Ravina's law.
1. (Beraisa - R. Eliezer): If the Eimurim of Kodshim
Kalim left the Azarah before Zerikah, one is not
liable for them for the following - Me'ilah, Pigul,
Nosar and Tamei;
2. R. Akiva says, all of these apply to them.
3. Suggestion: They argue when the Eimurim were
returned to the Azarah before Zerikah - R. Eliezer
says that they were already Nifsalim through Yotzei,
R. Akiva says that they were not.
(b) Rejection (Rav Papa): No, if they were returned to the
Azarah before Zerikah, all agree that Me'ilah,
Pigul...apply to them (Rambam (according to Kesef
Mishnah) - they were not Nifsalim through Yotzei; Tosfos
26A - even though they were Nifsalim through Yotzei);
1. They argue when the Eimurim were not returned to the
Azarah before Zerikah - R. Eliezer says that Zerikah
does not take effect on what is outside the Azarah,
R. Akiva says that it does.
(c) Question: But Rav Papa himself said that R. Eliezer and
R. Akiva agree that Zerikas Dam (of the Shalmei Tzibur
brought with Shtei ha'Lechem) does not take effect on the
Shtei ha'Lechem if they left the Azarah after slaughter
and are still outside at the time of Zerikah;
1. He says that they argue when the Shtei ha'Lechem
were returned to the Azarah before Zerikah!
(d) Answer: Shtei ha'Lechem are different, they are not part
of the Shalmei Tzibur.
1. Eimurim are part of a Zevach, the Tana'im argue
whether or not Zerikah affects Eimurim outside the
Azarah.
2) PRECEDENCES AMONG "MENACHOS"
(a) (Mishnah): Birds come before Menachos...
(b) Question: Menachos should come first, for also the Tzibur
brings Menachos!
(c) Answer: The fact that birds have blood outweighs this.
(d) (Mishnah): Minchas Chotei comes before Minchas Nedavah...
(e) Question: Minchas Nedavah should come first, for it
requires oil and frankincense!
(f) Answer: The fact that Minchas Chotei is brought on
account of a transgression outweighs this.
(g) Question: Which comes first, Minchas Sotah or Minchas
Nedavah?
1. Minchas Nedavah comes first, for it requires oil and
frankincense;
2. Or, Minchas Sotah comes first, for it clarifies
whether or not she is guilty!
(h) Answer #1 (Mishnah): Minchas Chotei comes before Minchas
Nedavah.
1. Inference: Minchas Chotei comes first (for it
atones), but not Minchas Sotah.
(i) Rejection: The Mishnah does not say that it comes first
because it atones - it says, because it comes on account
of transgression, the same applies to Minchas Sotah!
(j) Answer #2 (Beraisa): This (Minchah) comes before this,
for the former is made from wheat, and the latter from
barley.
1. Suggestion: It means, Minchas Nedavah comes before
Minchas Sotah (for the former is made from wheat,
and the latter from barley.)
(k) Rejection: No, it means, Minchas Chotei comes before
Minchas Sotah.
(l) Question: The Beraisa says that the precedence is because
wheat is more important than barely - even without this,
Minchas Chotei would come first, for it atones, and
Minchas Sotah does not!
1. Counter-question: Also if the Beraisa teaches that
Minchas Nedavah comes before Minchas Sotah, it
should not attribute this to the grain used -
Minchas Nedavah comes first because it has oil and
frankincense!
(m) Answer (to both questions): Both are valid reasons why
Minchas Sotah comes last, the Beraisa teaches only one of
them.
3) "CHATA'OS" COME BEFORE "OLOS"
(a) (Mishnah): Chatas ha'Of comes before Olas ha'Of.
(b) Question: What is the source of this?
(c) Answer (Beraisa) Question: (When Chatas ha'Of and Olas
ha'Of are brought for Oleh v'Yored,) "V'Hikriv Es Asher
la'Chatas Rishonah" - why must the Torah say this?
1. Another verse teaches "V'Es ha'Sheni Ya'aseh Olah"!
2. Answer: This is extra to teach, through Binyan Av,
that whenever a Chatas and Olah are brought
together, the Chatas comes first;
3. This is true whether both are Behemos, or both
birds, or (in the case of a rich Yoledes) Chatas
ha'Of is brought with Olas Behemah.
4. When both are birds, we learn from "V'Es ha'Sheni
Ya'aseh Olah"; when both are Behemos we learn from
"La'Chatas Rishonah"; Chatas ha'Of with Olas Behemah
is learned from the Binyan Av.
(d) Question (Beraisa - R. Eliezer): Whenever birds (i.e.
Chatas and Olah) are brought in place of Chatas Behemah,
the Chatas is first;
1. Regarding (the Korban of a poor) Yoledes, Olas ha'Of
is in place of Olas Behemah, the Olah is first.
2. Whenever birds are brought on account of Chet, the
Chatas is first;
3. Korban Yoledes is not on account of Chet, the Olah
is first.
4. Whenever both birds are in place of Chatas Behemah,
the Chatas is first;
5. Chatas ha'Of of a Yoledes is not in place of a
Behemah (no Yoledes brings Chatas Behemah), the Olah
is first.
(e) Answer (Rava): R. Eliezer explains (that and) why the
Torah puts the Olah first regarding Mikra'ah (Rashi - the
order in which the Torah mentions them; R. Chayim (in
Tosfos) - the order in which one must Makdish them)
regarding Yoledes; Shitah Mekubetzes - if she only has
one bird now, she may offer it for the Olah and bring the
Chatas when she finds another) but (Shitah - if both are
in front of us,) the Chatas is offered first.
(f) Question (Beraisa): Bulls come before rams, rams come
before lambs, lambs come before goats.
90b---------------------------------------90b
1. Suggestion: This refers to the Musafim brought on
Sukos (even though the goat is a Chatas, the other
animals (all Olos) come before it!)
(g) Answer #1: No, it refers to Nedavos:
1. Bulls come before rams, because they are accompanied
by bigger Nesachim (a Minchah of three Esronim and
six Lugim of wine);
2. For the same reason, rams (accompanied by two
Esronim and four Lugim) come before lambs (one
Isaron and three Lugim);
3. Lambs come before goats, for a lamb's tail is part
of the Eimurim, this is not true regarding goats.
(h) Question (Beraisa): If the Par of the Kohen Gadol and the
Par of the Tzibur are waiting to be offered, the Kohen
Gadol offers his Par first (because he atones, and the
Tzibur gets atonement);
1. A Par (of the Tzibur) for a transgression (other
than idolatry) comes before the Par for idolatry;
2. The Par for idolatry precedes the Sa'ir for
idolatry, even though the Par is an Olah and the
Sa'ir is a Chatas!
3. Question: (How can we ask from the Seifa of this
Beraisa -) the Reisha teaches that a Chatas comes
first!
i. (Reisha): A Par (not for idolatry) comes before
the Par for idolatry;
4. Answer: The one who asked (Question h) agrees that a
Chatas precedes an Olah of the same species - he
brought the Seifa to prove that an Olah of a higher
(priority) species comes before a Chatas.
(i) Answer #1 (Chachamim of Eretz Yisrael): The Torah omitted
the 'Aleph' from the word 'Chatas' regarding the Chatas
brought for Helam Davar of idolatry, to teach that it
lacks its usual precedence, the Olah precedes it.
(j) Answer #2 (Ravina): It says "Ka'Mishpat" (in the order in
which they are written, the Olah is first).
(k) This suggests another answer to Question (f):
1. Answer #2: Indeed, the Beraisa refers to Musafim of
Sukos - since it says "Ka'Mishpatam", they are
offered in the order in which they are written.
(l) Question: If Chatas ha'Of, Olas Behemah and Ma'aser are
all waiting to be offered, which comes first?
1. Chatas ha'Of cannot be first - Ma'aser precedes it!
2. Ma'aser cannot be first - Olah precedes it!
3. Olah cannot be first - Chatas ha'Of precedes it!
(m) Answer #1 (Chachamim of Bavel): A Zevach has precedence
(therefore, Ma'aser must come before Chatas ha'Of; the
Olah must come after the Chatas).
(n) Answer #2 (Chachamim of Eretz Yisrael): Since the Chatas
ha'Of comes with and precedes the Olah, it receives the
importance of the Olah, hence it also precedes Ma'aser.
4) PRECEDENCE AMONG "KORBANOS"
(a) (Mishnah): Chatas always precedes Asham, except for Asham
Metzora, which is Machshir (the Metzora for Kodshim);
(b) Every Asham must be a second year animal, and it must be
bought for at least two Shekalim, except for Asham Nazir
and Asham Metzora, they are first year animals, they need
not cost two Shekalim.
(c) The precedence to eat them is the same as the precedence
to offer them.
(d) Version #1 (Rashi): A Shelamim of (i.e. it was brought to
the Azarah) yesterday comes (is offered) before a
Shelamim of today (it is a disgrace to delay it so long);
(e) Version #2 (Tosfos): A Shelamim of (that was offered)
yesterday comes (is eaten) before a Shelamim of today
(for it may be eaten only until nightfall, whereas
today's Shelamim is permitted until nightfall tomorrow).
(End of Version #2)
(f) R. Meir says, a Shelamim of yesterday comes before a
Chatas or Asham of today;
(g) Chachamim say, the Chatas or Asham comes first, for it is
Kodshei Kodoshim.
(h) Kohanim may eat any Kodshim any way they want, roasted,
overcooked or cooked;
(i) R. Shimon says, they may cook it with Terumah spices;
(j) R. Meir forbids this, lest the Terumah become wasted (it
cannot be eaten after the Kodshim becomes Nosar, for it
absorbs the taste of Kodshim).
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