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Prepared by Rabbi P. Feldman of Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Yerushalayim Rosh Kollel: Rabbi Mordecai Kornfeld
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Zevachim 20
ZEVACHIM 20 - A Daf has been dedicated by Rav Mordechai Rabin
(Manchester/London/Yerushalayim), in honor of the Yahrzeit of his mother on
28 Sivan.
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1) DOES "LINAH" APPLY TO BLOOD?
(a) Question (Rav Dimi citing Ilfa): According to R. Elazar
b'Rebbi Shimon, Linah does not apply to Kidush - does
Linah Posel water in the Kiyor (from being used for
Kidush)?
1. Do we say that just as Linah does not invalidate
Kidush, it does not Posel water for Kidush?
2. Or, since the Kiyor is Mekadesh the water, Linah
does apply?
(b) (Ravin): Ilfa later answered his question - the Tana'im
argue whether or not Linah is Posel Kidush and whether it
is Posel the water.
(c) Question #1 (against Ravin - R. Yitzchak bar Bisna): But
Rav Asi cited Ilfa to say that if water was left in the
Kiyor when night came, it may be used to Mekadesh at
night, one does not Mekadesh in the morning;
1. Question: Does this mean, one does not need to
Mekadesh in the morning, or that (Linah was Posel,
so) it may not be used in the morning (according to
R. Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon - according to Rebbi,
surely he must Mekadesh in the morning, and the
water is Pasul!)?
2. R. Yitzchak bar Bisna: We were unable to answer this
question - but according to you (Ravin), surely it
means that he need not Mekadesh in the morning!
(d) Question #2 (against Ravin - Beraisa #1): Ben Katin made
12 faucets for the Kiyor, and a pulley (in order that the
water could be returned to the pit every night, lest it
become Pasul, and drawn again the next morning).
1. Suggestion: The Beraisa is R. Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon
(and it says that Linah is Posel water in the
Kiyor)!
(e) Answer: No, the Beraisa is Rebbi.
(f) Question: Since the beginning of the Beraisa is R. Elazar
b'Rebbi Shimon, presumably entire Beraisa is like R.
Elazar!
1. (Beginning of Beraisa #1): The Kohen Gadol (on Yom
Kipur) came to his bull (to confess before
slaughtering it), it was between the Ulam and the
Mizbeach, the back faced the north, its head was
turned towards the west; the Kohen was east of it,
and facing west.
2. R. Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon is the Tana who says that
between the Ulam and the Mizbeach is considered the
north half of the Azarah (and Kodshei Kodoshim may
be slaughtered there)!
i. (Beraisa #2 - R. Yosi b'Rebbi Yehudah): From
the north wall of the Mizbeach until the north
wall of the Azarah, even with (i.e. not east or
west of) the Mizbeach is considered the north
half of the Azarah;
ii. R. Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon says, also (the north
half of the Azarah) that is even with the area
between the Ulam and the Mizbeach;
iii. Rebbi says, also (the north half) that is east
of the Mizbeach;
iv. All exclude what is even with the Beis
ha'Chalifos (chambers in the Ulam) or to its
west (because the Mizbeach cannot be seen from
there).
3. Objection: Why can't Rebbi be the Tana of Beraisa
#1?
i. Rebbi allows slaughter in the east part of the
Azarah (where Zarim can walk), all the more so
he allows between the Ulam and the Mizbeach
(which is more Kadosh)!
4. Answer: Since Rebbi allows slaughter in the east, he
would not say that the bull should be so close to
the Ulam.
5. Counter-question: Also if the Tana is R. Elazar
b'Rebbi Shimon, the bull could have been further
from the Ulam, i.e. even with the Mizbeach on the
north side!
6. Answer: You must say, the bull was close to the Ulam
to reduce fatigue of the Kohen Gadol (who must take
its blood into the Ulam).
(g) Answer: Likewise, Rebbi can be the Tana, the bull is near
the Ulam to reduce fatigue!
2) WHEN IS "KIDUSH" DISQUALIFIED?
(a) (R. Yochanan): (If) a Kohen was Mekadesh to do Terumas
ha'Deshen (taking ashes off the Mizbe'ach), he need not
Mekadesh again after dawn, because Terumas ha'Deshen is
the beginning of the Avodah of the coming day.
(b) Question: As whom is this?
1. It is not like Rebbi, he says that a new Kidush is
needed after dawn!
2. It is not like R. Elazar b'Rebbi Shimon, he says
that a new day never necessitates a new Kidush (even
if Terumas ha'Deshen was considered Avodah of the
previous day, no new Kodesh would be needed)!
(c) Answer #1 (Abaye): Really, it is like Rebbi; he says that
Linah is Posel Kodesh only mid'Rabanan;
1. From Krias ha'Gever (when the rooster (some say, a
certain man) cries out, shortly before dawn - this
is when Terumas ha'Deshen is normally done) and
onwards, it appears like the coming day, Chachamim
did not decree that Linah is Posel.
(d) Answer #2 (Rava): Really, it is like R. Elazar;
1. R. Yochanan rules like R. Elazar regarding beginning
the coming day's Avodah (that one Kidush suffices
for all Avodos, even after dawn), and like Rebbi
regarding the previous day's Avodah (that a new
Kidush is needed).
(e) Question (Mishnah): When the other Kohanim saw (the Kohen
doing Terumas ha'Deshen) descend, they ran to Mekadesh.
20b---------------------------------------20b
1. We understand according to Abaye, who establishes R.
Yochanan like Rebbi - he admits that a new Kidush is
not needed after Krias ha'Gever, the Mishnah is like
Rebbi.
2. But according to Rava, R. Yochanan is like R.
Elazar, but Rebbi requires a new Kidush after Krias
ha'Gever - who taught the Mishnah?
i. Rebbi says that the Kidush does not help for
after dawn, R. Elazar says that last night's
Kidush is still valid!
(f) Answer: Really, it is like R. Elazar; the case is, the
Kohanim were not doing Avodah from the night before.
1) DOES LEAVING THE "AZARAH" DISQUALIFY THE "KIDUSH"?
(a) Question: Does leaving the Azarah Posel the Kidush?
1. If you will say that Linah is not Posel, perhaps
leaving is, because he stopped thinking about the
Avodah;
2. Or, perhaps he does not stop thinking about it,
because he can return to serve!
(b) Answer #1 (Beraisa): If he was Mekadesh and his hands
later became Teme'im, he immerses them, he need not
Mekadesh again; if they left the Azarah, he need not
Mekadesh again.
(c) Rejection: We knew that if the hands left the Azarah, he
need not Mekadesh again;
1. The question is when *he* left the Azarah.
(d) Answer #2 (Beraisa): Kidush must be from a Kli Shares in
the Azarah;
1. If he was Mekadesh from a Kli Shares outside the
Azarah, or from a Chulin vessel in the Azarah, or if
he immersed his hands in water in a cave, he is
Mechalel Avodah.
2. Inference: Kidush from a Kli Shares outside is
Pasul, but if he is Kidesh inside and left, it is
valid.
(e) Rejection: No, perhaps he was inside, and was Mekadesh
from a Kli Shares outside (so the above inference is
invalid), and we cannot settle our question.
(f) Answer #3 (Rav Zvid - Beraisa): If he intended to leave
the Azarah for a while, he must immerse; if he left for a
short time, he must Mekadesh.
(g) Rejection (Rav Papa): 'To leave for a while' means, to
excrete; 'for a short time' means, to urinate.
1. Question: But a Mishnah explicitly teaches that!
i. (Mishnah): One who excretes must immerse; one
who urinates must Mekadesh.
2. Answer: The Beraisa explains what the Mishnah said
briefly.
(h) Answer #4 (R. Chiya b'Rebbi Yosef): Those who will engage
in the red heifer Mekadesh in a Kli Shares in the
Mikdash, then go outside (this proves that going outside
does not Posel Kidush);
1. (R. Yochanan): They may Mekadesh outside, even in a
Chulin vessel, even of earthenware.
(i) Rejection (Rav Papa): The red heifer is different, since
its Avodah is done outside, going outside does not Posel
Kidush.
(j) Question: If it is not like Avodas Panim (i.e. in the
Azarah), why is Kidush needed at all?
(k) Answer: It must resemble Avodas Panim.
2) DOES "TUM'AH" DISQUALIFY THE "KIDUSH"?
(a) Question: Does Tum'ah Posel Kidush?
1. If you will say that leaving does not Posel Kidush,
perhaps that is because the Kohen is still fit to
serve, but if he became Tamei, he is not, he stopped
thinking about Avodah;
2. Or, since he will become Tahor and fit to serve
again, he continues thinking about Avodah!
(b) Answer #1 (Beraisa): If he was Mekadesh and his hands
later became Teme'im, he immerses them, he need not
Mekadesh again.
(c) Rejection: The question was not when only his hands
became Teme'im, rather when *he* became Tamei.
1. Objection: If he became Tamei, he cannot serve (even
after immersing) until nightfall, he stops thinking
about Avodah (surely he must Mekadesh again)!
2. Answer: The case is, he became Tamei just before
sundown.
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