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1) WHICH "AVODOS" CAN INVALIDATE A "KORBAN"?

(a) (Mishnah): In the following cases, a Pesach or Chatas is Pasul:

1. The slaughter, Kabalah, Holachah or Zerikah was Lo Lishmah;
2. Or, one of these Avodos was started Lishmah and finished Lo Lishmah, or vice-versa.

(b) The case of Lishmah and then Lo Lishmah - he started l'Shem Pesach, and ended l'Shem Shelamim;
(c) Lo Lishmah and then Lishmah - he started l'Shem Shelamim, and ended l'Shem Pesach.
(d) Any of these four Avodos can Posel a Korban (i.e. if it was done with improper intent);
(e) R. Shimon says, Holachah cannot Posel, because it is not always necessary (e.g. if the slaughter was next to the Mizbeach);

1. The other three Avodos are always necessary, they can Posel a Korban.

(f) R. Elazar says, Holachah where it is necessary can Posel a Korban, Holachah where it is unnecessary cannot.
(g) (Gemara) Question: Is it really true that Kabalah can Posel?!

1. (Beraisa): "V'Hikrivu" - this is Kabalah.
2. Suggestion: Perhaps it is Zerikah!
3. Rejection: "V'Zareku" teaches Zerikah, therefore "V'Hikrivu" is Kabalah.
4. "Benei Aharon ha'Kohanim" - a Kosher Kohen must receive, wearing Bigdei Kehunah;
5. R. Akiva says, we learn this because it says here "Benei Aharon ha'Kohanim", just as it says "Benei Aharon ha'Kohanim ha'Meshuchim Asher Milei Yadam l'Chahen".

i. Just as there they were Kosher Kohanim wearing Bigdei Kehunah, also here.

6. R. Tarfon: I heard a distinction between Kabalah and Zerikah, I cannot explain it.
7. R. Akiva: Regarding Kabalah, (improper) intent is not like an action (it does not Posel); regarding Zerikah, (improper) intent is like an action (it is Posel);

i. Also: If a Korban was slaughtered outside the Mikdash, one who receives the blood is exempt; one who does Zerikah (outside the Mikdash) is Chayav Kares.
ii. If Pesulim (Zarim or Kohanim unfit to serve) received the blood, they are not Chayavim (Misah); if they did Zerikah, they are Chayavim (Misah).

8. R. Tarfon: That is exactly what I heard!

(h) Answer #1 (Rava): Intent that makes Pigul (Chutz li'Zmano) does not apply to Kabalah; Lo Lishmah applies to Kabalah.
(i) Support (Mishnah): Any of these four Avodos can *Posel* a Korban - it does not say, *Mefagel*.
(j) Objection: But Pigul does apply to Kabalah!

1. (Beraisa): One might have thought, improper intent only applies to Zerikah - "V'Im He'achel Ye'achel...Lo Yeratzeh", it applies to all Avodos that permit a Korban to be eaten.
2. Suggestion: Perhaps we should include even spilling the leftover blood (on the base of the Mizbeach) and burning the Eimurim!
3. Rejection: "Lo Yeratzeh ha'Makriv Oso Lo Yechashev";
4. Zerikah was included among Avodos that permit a Korban to be eaten; it was singled out ("Lo Yeratzeh") to equate the other Avodos to it;

i. Zerikah is essential for atonement, (improper intent during) it is Posel a Korban - also every Avodah essential for atonement is Posel a Korban;
ii. This excludes spilling leftover blood and burning the Eimurim, they are not essential for atonement.

(k) Answer #2: Rather, if he said 'I slaughter with the intention to receive the blood tomorrow', the Korban is Kosher;

1. If he said 'I receive with the intention to spill the leftover blood tomorrow', it is Pigul.

(l) Question (An elder): But intent to spill the leftover blood or burning the Eimurim can Posel a Korban!

1. (Mishnah): One might have thought, improper intent only applies to Avodos that permit a Korban to be eaten - "V'Im He'achel Ye'achel" teaches about two kinds of eating, of people and of the Mizbeach;

i. Therefore, spilling the leftover blood and burning the Eimurim can Posel a Korban.

(m) Answer: Zerikah with intent to spill the leftover blood (or burn the Eimurim) the next day is Pigul;

1. Spilling the leftover blood with intent to burn the Eimurim the next day is Kosher.

(a) (Rav Yehudah brei d'R. Chiya): Dipping the finger in the blood of inner Chata'os (in order to do Zerikah) is Mefagel (if done with intention Chutz li'Zmano (to eat the meat, throw the blood or burn the Eimurim after the allowed time).
(b) Question (Ilfa): We learn Pigul (in Chatas) from Shelamim,

1. Dipping the finger does not Mefagel Shelamim (since it does not apply), therefore it does not Mefagel Chatas!
2. Counter-question: Do we really learn Pigul from Shelamim?!

i. (Pigul only applies if the *only* disqualifying intention was Chutz li'Zmano.) Lo Lishmah does not Posel Shelamim, therefore it does not prevent a Shelamim (offered with an intention Chutz li'Zmano) from becoming Pigul;
ii. If we only learn Pigul from Shelamim, there is no source to say that Lo Lishmah prevents a Chatas from becoming Pigul (but we know this law from Mishnayos)!

3. Answer: You must say that a verse teaches that Pigul applies to other Korbanos.

(c) Answer: That verse also teaches that dipping the finger is Mefagel Chatas.
(d) (R. Yehoshua ben Levi): Dipping the finger is Mefagel.
(e) Question (Reish Lakish): We learn Pigul (in Chatas) from Shelamim - dipping the finger does not Mefagel Shelamim, therefore it does not Mefagel Chatas!

1. Counter-question: Do we really learn Pigul from Shelamim?!

i. Lo Lishmah does not Posel Shelamim, therefore it does not prevent a Shelamim from becoming Pigul - we cannot learn from Shelamim that Lo Lishmah prevents a Chatas from becoming Pigul!

2. Answer (R. Yosi b'Rebbi Chanina): Indeed, we learn from Shelamim!

i. Lo Lishmah is Posel a Chatas just as intention Chutz li'Mkomo (to eat the meat, throw the blood or burn the Eimurim outside the proper place) is Posel a Shelamim;
ii. Just as Chutz li'Mkomo prevents a Shelamim from becoming Pigul, Lo Lishmah prevent a Chatas from becoming Pigul!

3. Rejection (and answer to Question (e) - R. Yirmeyah): Chutz li'Mkomo is Posel all Korbanos, we cannot learn to Lo Lishmah, which is only Posel Chatas and Pesach!

i. Rather, you must say that anything which is Posel (e.g. Chutz li'Mkomo in a Shelamim) prevents from becoming Pigul, any indispensable Avodah can make Pigul - we learn regarding Chatas that Lo Lishmah prevents from becoming Pigul, dipping the finger (which is indespensible) makes Pigul!

(f) Support (for R. Yehoshua ben Levi - Rav Mari - Mishnah): Pigul applies to four Avodos in a Minchah - Kemitzah, putting the Kometz in a vessel, Holachah and Haktarah (burning the Kometz on the Mizbeach).

1. We understand how three of these are learned from Shelamim - Kemitzah is like slaughter (it separates the part that will be offered to Hash-m), Holachah corresponds to Holachah, and Haktarah is like Zerikah;
2. Question: What is the source for putting the Kometz in a vessel?

i. Suggestion: Perhaps this is like Kabalah.
ii. Rejection: Blood falls into the vessel by itself, but the Kohen must put the Kometz into a vessel!

3. Answer #1: You must say, since it is an indispensable Avodah, it is important, so Pigul applies;

i. Likewise, dipping the finger is indispensable, so Pigul applies (it is like Holachah, bringing the blood close to the Mizbeach)!

(g) Rejection (and Answer #2 to Question (f:2)): Really, it is like Kabalah;

1. Since both consist of putting in a vessel, they are similar, even though one is by itself and the other is not.