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Zevachim 99

ZEVACHIM 99-100 - sponsored by Harav Ari Bergmann of Lawrence, N.Y., out of love for the Torah and for those who study it.

1) [line 2] "HA'KOHEN HA'MECHATEI OSAH YOCHELENAH..." - "The Kohen who applies the blood of the Korban Chatas (RASHI; lit. who makes it into a Chatas; see however, RASHI to Vayikra 6:19 DH ha'Mechatei) shall eat it..." (Vayikra 6:19)

2) [line 3] U'CHELALA HU?! - And is this a general principle (that the Kohen who performs the Avodah is the one who eats the meat of the Chatas)?!

3) [line 4] MISHMARAH - the family division for duty of the Kohanim (MISHMAROS)
The Kohanim were divided into 24 shifts according to their families (Mishmaros), each of which served in the Mikdash for two weeks out of a year. The Mishmaros changed on Shabbos, when the outgoing Mishmar did the Avodah in the morning and the incoming Mishmar did the Avodah in the afternoon.

4) [line 4] RA'UY L'CHITUY - fit for performing the Divine service of offering the Korban Chatas

5) [line 6] YECHALKENAH - shall be among those to whom it is divided
6) [line 9] RACHMANA RABYEI - (lit. the Merciful One) HaSh-m included him (the Ba'al Mum) [to be among those to whom it is divided, through the Ribuy (inclusion) in the Torah deduced from the verse that our Gemara quotes presently]

7) [line 12] DEL'URSA MICHAZA CHAZI - since after nightfall he will be fit to perform the Divine service (e.g. Hekter Chalavim)

8) [line 32] MAI HAVEI? - What does it matter?
9) [line 33] HADRA ALEI ANINUS - the state of Aninus (see Background to Zevachim 98:19) returns to him

10) [line 35] D'ASACH DA'ATEI - he removes his mind [from eating Kodshim] (anyone who has a Hesech Da'as may not eat Kodshim until he immerses in a Mikvah. An Onen is more likely to have a Hesech Da'as since it is forbidden for him to eat Kodshim -- TOSFOS)

11) [line 36] SHELISHI U'SHEVI'I BA'I - he needs the [sprinkling of the Mei Chatas on the] third and seventh [days] (MEI CHATAS)
If a person (or utensil) became Tamei through touching Tum'as Mes or being in the same room as a corpse or something that is Metamei b'Ohel, he must wait seven days to become Tahor. On the third and seventh days he must have spring water mixed with the ashes of the Parah Adumah (Mei Chatas -- see Background to Zevachim 93:5:a) sprinkled on him. A person who is Tahor dips three Ezov branches that have been bound together into the mixture, and sprinkles them on the person who is Tamei. On the seventh day, he immerses in a Mikvah after the mixture is sprinkled on him in order to complete his Taharah (Bamidbar 19:17-19).

12) [line 40] TAMEI MA'ALYA HU - he is a person who is actually Tamei (ritually impure, as opposed to an Onen or a Mechusar Kaparah, who may not eat Kodshim for reasons other than Tum'ah)

13) [line 41] AFILU TERUMAH NAMI - [a Tamei Sheretz must immerse in a Mikvah and wait until nightfall (He'erev Shemesh) to be Tahor] even [for eating] Terumah, also

14a) [line 42] MI'DAVAR HA'METAM'ENI - from any source of Tum'ah that would have made me Tamei mid'Oraisa
b) [line 43] MI'DAVAR HA'POSLENI - from any source of Tum'ah that would have made me unfit mid'Rabanan to eat Kodshim

15) [line 43] NETIRUSA L'FALGA - watchfulness for half [of a matter]
16) [last line] HA'SAL - the basket [that contained produce that was Tahor]

99b---------------------------------------99b

17) [line 1] MAGREIFAH - (O.F. vadil) a small shovel or rake
18) [line 1] LIBI AL HA'SAL - my mind was on the basket [to guard it from Tum'ah that would have been Metamei the produce]

19) [line 6] IGALGEL MILSA (U'MATA'I) [U'MATA] L'KAMEI D'REBBI ABA BAR MAMAL - the matter "rolled" until it reached [the Beis ha'Midrash of Rebbi Aba bar Mamal and the question was put] before Rebbi Aba bar Mamal

20a) [line 8] HA'OCHEL SHELISHI SHEL TERUMAH - a person who eats a Shelishi l'Tum'ah (THE DIFFERENT LEVELS OF TUM'AH: TUM'AS OCHLIN)
(a) All objects belong to one of three categories:

1. Sources of Tum'ah;
2. Objects that can become Tamei;
3. Objects that cannot become Tamei.
(b) All sources of Tum'ah are called Av ha'Tum'ah, except for a corpse, which can generate more Tum'ah than any other object and is therefore referred to as the "Avi Avos ha'Tum'ah."
(c) When one object makes another object Tamei, the second object has a weaker Tum'ah than the first. If something becomes Tamei from an Av, it is called a Rishon l'Tum'ah, or Velad ha'Tum'ah. A Rishon makes a Sheni l'Tum'ah. (Liquids are an exception to this rule. The Chachamim decreed that liquids should always be a Rishon, even if touched by a Sheni.)
(d) A Sheni l'Tum'ah cannot make Chulin Tamei mid'Oraisa. Even mid'Rabanan, there is no such thing as Shelishi L'Tum'ah with regard to Chulin. Terumah, however, can become a Shelishi L'Tum'ah. (Also, if someone guarded his Chulin from Tum'ah as one normally guards Terumah, it is called "Chulin she'Na'asu Al Taharas Terumah," and can become a Shelishi.)
(e) Terumah that is a Shelishi l'Tum'ah cannot make other Terumah Tamei. However, it may not be eaten. It is referred to as "Pasul" (invalid) rather than "Tamei." Kodesh (objects associated with the sacrifices) that is touched by a Shelishi l'Tum'ah can become a Revi'i. A Revi'i of Kodesh is also called "Pasul."

b) [line 9] ASUR LE'ECHOL U'MUTAR LI'GA - is prohibited to eat [Terumah] but is permitted to touch [Terumah -- see previous entry. He is prohibited, however, to touch Kodshim]

21) [line 10] AVUD RABANAN MA'ALAH - the Rabanan created a special stringency (loftier status)

22) [line 11] MIFLAG HU D'LO PALIG - he does not engage in the actual division [of the Kodshim]

23) [line 12] V'CHI MEZAMNEI LEI - however, if they invite him
24) [line 16] AIDI - since [he is permitted to eat the Pesach, he may eat Kodshim, also]

25) [line 22] TAFIS LEILO - it "grabs" its (the following) night

26) [line 23] ANINUS LAILAH (ONEN)
See Background to Zevachim 98:19.

27) [line 30] L'VAR - except
28) [line 31] SHALEM - whole (not "broken" due to the loss of a close relative)
29) [line 42] KEDI NASVEI - it was mentioned unnecessarily

30a) [line 43] SHALMEI PESACH - the Korban Shalmei Chagigah that is brought together with the Korban Pesach on the fourteenth of Nisan (RASHI here) (CHAGIGAS ARBA'AH ASAR)
(a) The Torah requires that each Korban Pesach be eaten by a designated group of people. When many people share a Korban Pesach such that there is not enough meat to provide a full meal for each of them, a Korban Chagigah is brought along with it. The members of the group eat the Korban Chagigah before the Korban Pesach to ensure that they eat the Korban Pesach Al ha'Sova (when they are satiated) (see Insights to Pesachim 70:1).
(b) This Korban Chagigah is not to be confused with the Korban Chagigah that a person must bring during all festivals. Every Jewish male is obligated to come to the Azarah of the Beis ha'Mikdash on Pesach, Shavu'os and Sukos, and bring an animal as a Korban Chagigah, as the Torah states, "Shalosh Regalim Tachog Li ba'Shanah" (Shemos 23:14).

b) [line 43] SHALMEI PESACH - a Korban known as the Mosar ha'Pesach (RASHI to Rosh Hashanah 5a, TOSFOS to Zevachim 9a DH u'Shelamim) (MOSAR PESACH)
Examples of Mosar ha'Pesach include a Temurah of a Korban Pesach (see above, entry #5) and an animal dedicated as a Korban Pesach that was not brought because its owner sacrificed another animal as his Korban Pesach.

31) [last line] K'GUFEI D'PESACH - it is considered like the Pesach sacrifice itself

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