REVIEW QUESTIONS ON GEMARA AND RASHI
prepared by Rabbi Eliezer Chrysler
Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Jerusalem
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Yoma 81
YOMA 59-88 have been dedicated to the memory of the late Dr. Simcha
Bekelnitzky (Simcha Gedalya ben Shraga Feibush) of Queens N.Y. by his wife
and daughters. Well known in the community for his Chesed and Tzedakah, he
will long be remembered.
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1)
(a) Will a Zar who swallows whole plums of Terumah, have to pay the extra
fifth? Is this considered Derech Achilah?
(b) If he then ejected them and a second Zar ate them, Rebbi Yochanan rules
that the second Zar must pay the first one the plums' value as fuel. Why
...
- ... does he pay the first *Zar* and not a *Kohen*?
- ... does he pay only their value as *fuel* and not their full value?
2)
(a) In a Mishnah in Me'ilah, Rebbi Yehoshua holds that two half-Shiurim
whose Tum'ah and Shiur are the same, combine to make up a Shiur Tum'ah.
What is an example of this?
(b) What does he say about two half-Shiurim, if either their Tum'ah or their
Shiur are different?
(c) What is an example of a case ...
- ... where their Tum'os are the same but their Shiurim differ?
- ... where their Shiurim are the same but their Tum'os differ?
(d) Could the author of our Mishnah (which holds that half a Shiur of food
and half a Shiur of drink *do not* combine) be the Rabbanan of Rebbi
Yehoshua, who hold that by Tum'ah, two half Shiurim *always combine*?
3)
(a) How many Chata'os would a person be Chayav if, in one He'elam (i.e.
without remembering in between) ...
- ... he ate and drank on Yom Kipur?
- ... he ate and performed a Melachah?
(b) Is one Chayav for eating on Yom Kipur ...
- ... something that is not normally edible?
- ... brine or fish-juice?
(c) Resh Lakish attributes the fact that there is no *La'av* for Inuy on Yom
Kipur, to the fact that there is no way for the Torah to convey it. Why
could the Torah not write ...
- ... "Lo Yochal"?
- ... "Hishamer Pen Lo Se'uneh"?
- ... "Hishamer be'Mitzvas Inuy"?
(d) Rav Ashi asks that the Torah could have written "Al Tasur min ha'Inuy".
Does Resh Lakish have an answer to that?
4)
(a) What does the Tana learn from the Pasuk in Emor ...
- ... "ve'Chol ha'Nefesh Asher Ta'aseh Melachah *be'Etzem ha'Yom ha'Zeh"* ve'Nichresah?
- ... "*Ki Chol ha'Nefesh Asher Lo Se'uneh* be'Etzem ha'Yom ha'Zeh ve'Nichresah ... "?
- ... "Ki Chol ha'Nefesh Asher Lo Se'uneh *be'Etzem ha'Yom ha'Zeh* ve'Nichresah ... "?
- ... ve'Chol Melachah Lo Sa'asu "be'Etzem ha'Yom ha'Zeh*"?
(b) Why should it not be necessary to write the punishment of Kares by
Melachah? Why could we have learnt it from the Kares by Inuy?
(c) So what do we try to learn from the fact that the Torah *does* write it?
5)
We refute the previous Limud on the grounds that Inuy also has a stringency
over Melachah (in which case, Kares needs to be written by Melachah, after
all). What is that stringency?
6)
(a) We conclude that Kares needs to be written both by Melachah and by Inuy,
since each has a stringency that the other does not, and the Tana finally
learns the La'av for Inuy on Yom Kipur from the 'Gezeirah-Shavah' "be'Etzem"
"be'Etzem" from Melachah. Why is it essential for at least the "be'Etzem"
by Melachah to be redundant?
(b) The Torah writes five Pesukim with regard to the prohibition of Melachah
on Yom Kipur: one as a warning by day and one as a warning by night. What
do we learn from the other three?
(c) How does ...
1. ... Tana de'Bei Rebbi Yishmael learn the La'av by Inuy from a 'Gezeirah-
Shavah' "Inuy" "Inuy" from the Pasuk in Ki Seitzei "al Devar Asher Inah es
Eishes Re'eihu"? What is the context of the Pasuk in Ki Seitzei, and what
does the 'Gezeirah Shavah' teach us?
2. ... Rav Acha bar Ya'akov derive it from the 'Gezeirah Shavah' of
"Shabbatchem" "Shabbason"?
(d) How does Rav Papa learn this directly from the Pasuk of "Tishbesu
Shabbatchem", without a 'Gezeirah Shavah'?
Answers to questions
81b---------------------------------------81b
7)
(a) It is easy to understand why Rav Papa prefers to learn the La'av of Inuy
directly, without a 'Gezeirah Shavah'. But on what grounds does Rav Acha
bar Ya'akov refute Rav Papa's Derashah? What does he learn from "Tishbesu"
and from "Shabbatchem"?
(b) The source for this Derashah is a Beraisa. What does the Tana learn
from ...
- ... "ve'Inisem es Nafshoseichem *be'Tish'ah la'Chodesh* and *ba'Erev*"?
- ... "me'Erev ad Erev"?
(c) Why will the Tana who learns the 'Gezeirah Shavah' of "Etzem" "Etzem"
not need this Derashah (to teach us Tosfos Yom ha'Kipurim')?
(d) So what does he do with the Pasuk "ve'Inisem es Nafshoseichem
be'Tish'ah"?
8)
(a) Is one Chayav for eating raw pepper-corns or raw ginger on Yom Kipur?
(b) What does Rebbi Meir learn from the Pasuk by Orlah (Eitz Ma'achal"
(seeing as the Torah already wrote "va'Araltem Orlaso es Piryo"). To which
tree must the Pasuk be referring?
(c) What does this teach us?
(d) How does Rava (the author of the previous Halachah - in a.) reconcile
his ruling ...
1. ... with Rebbi Meir, who clearly considers peppercorn to be a fruit?
2. ... with Rav Nachman, who permitted Indian 'Himlesa' (a kind of ginger)
prepared with honey (from the point of view of Bishul Akum), and fixed its
Berachah as 'Borei P'ri ha'Adamah'?
9)
(a) The Tana exempts someone who eats sugar-cane leaves on Yom Kipur, but
obligates him if he eats vine-sprouts. According to Rebbi Yitzchak
Magdela'a, the sprouts grew between Rosh Hashanah and Yom Kipur. What if
they grew earlier?
(b) What does Rav Kahana hold?
(c) Which opinion is supported by a Beraisa?
10)
(a) What do we infer from the fact that our Mishnah exempted brine and fish-
juice exclusively?
(b) The author of our Mishnah will then be Rebbi. What does Rebbi say
about vinegar?
(c) What happened the following year when Rav Gidal bar Menasheh from Biri
declared that the Halachah was not like Rebbi?
(d) Rav Gidal was cross because he only meant Bedi'eved, but not
Lechatchilah. On what other two other scores was he upset?
Answers to questions
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