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by Rabbi Ephraim Becker
Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Yerushalayim
Rosh Kollel: Rabbi Mordecai Kornfeld


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Pesachim 109

1) CHILDREN AND THE SEDER

(a) Question: What is the purpose for children drinking?
(b) Answer: Rather, we distribute treats to them Erev Pesach so that they will stay awake and ask questions (and this is what R. Akiva used to do).
(c) [R. Eliezer] We "grab" the Matzos on the night of Pesach so that the children will remain awake.
(d) R. Akiva would never send the students away from their learning save on two occasions, Erev Pesach and Erev Yom Kippur.
1. Erev Pesach (to nap the children) so that the children not fall asleep at the Seder.
2. Erev Yom Kippur so that they could feed the children.
2) SIMCHAH
(a) One is obligated to bring joy to the members of his household on the Regalim (based on the Pasuk).
(b) Question: How can he gladden them?
(c) Answer #1: With wine.
(d) Answer #2 [R. Yehudah]: Men with that which gladdens them, women with that which gladdens them.
1. For men that means wine.
2. For women that means colored garments in Bavel and pressed linen garments in Eretz Yisrael.
(e) During the time of the Mikdash, Simchah meant meat and wine (based on the Pasuk), but now it is only with wine (Pasuk).
3) MEASURING A REVI'IS
(a) [R. Yitzhok] There was a standard (Kasta d'Moreisa) "Log" in Tzipori for liquid measures (the four Revi'ios for Pesach).
(b) [R. Yochanan] The old standard was larger than the new standard by one Revi'is (and could thus be used for determining the Revi'is of Pesach).
(c) [R. Chisda] A Revi'is [for Torah measures] is 2x2x2.7 Etzba'os.
(d) This is derived from the measure of a Mikveh.
1. The Pasuk teaches that a Mikveh covers one's entire body.
109b---------------------------------------109b

2. This is understood to be a volume of 1x1x3 Amos of water.
3. This amount is known to be 40 Se'ah.
4) THE SHULCHAN
(a) Question: [R. Ashi citing Ravin b. Chinena] The Shulchan in the Mikdash must have been jointed, for otherwise it could not have fit into a Mikveh.
(b) Answer: It may have been immersed in the sea of King Shlomo (which was 150 times larger than a Mikveh).
5) THE CUPS OF WINE AND DANGEROUS PAIRS
(a) Question: How could the Rabbis have instituted four cups, given the danger of pairs which we learn in the Bereisa?
1. Not to eat or drink pairs.
2. Not to cleanse nor have relations twice.
(b) Answer #1: It is the night of special protection.
(c) Answer #2: The cup of Birkas HaMazon only adds goodness, not danger.
(d) Answer #3: Each of the four cups is a separate Mitzvah.
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