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1) RULES FOR A KOS SHEL BERACHAH

(a) From the Bereisa we may infer eight things:

1. One who said Havdalah in Tefilah says it again over a cup.
2. Birkas HaMazon requires a cup.
3. The cup must meet a minimum standard.
4. The one making the Berachah must partake from the cup.
5. Once he tastes from the cup it becomes defective.
6. One may recite Havdalah even if he has tasted food.
7. [In case of need] one may recite two Berachos over one cup.
8. This Bereisa is Beis Shamai as understood by R. Yehudah.

(b) [R. Ashi] Numbers 3 and 5 are one and the same [the *reason* that it becomes defective is because the cup must meet the standard].
(c) R. Yakov b. Idi objected to a defective pitcher.
(d) R. Idi b. Shisha objected to a defective cup.
(e) Mar b. R. Ashi objected even to a defective barrel.

(a) The Pasuk teaches us to remember Shabbos (over wine) by day.
(b) Question: Whence do I know to do so by night as well?
(c) Answer: At night?! The principle Kidush is at night [the beginning of the day]!
(d) Question: Still, what is the source for the night?
(e) Answer: "Remember the Shabbos day."
(f) Question: We are looking for the *night* and the Pasuk speaks of the *day*!?
(g) Answer: The Pasuk teaches to remember Shabbos upon its entry.
(h) Question: Whence, then, do we know the *day* Kidush?
(i) Answer: "Remember the *day* of Shabbos to keep it holy."
(j) Question: What Berachah is recited by day?
(k) Answer [R. Yehudah]: Borei Peri HaGafen.
(l) R. Ashi discovered that Kidusha Rabah means Borei Peri HaGafen.

1. He was unsure what was meant by Kidusha Rabah.
2. He inferred that it must begin with Borei Peri HaGafen.
3. Upon discovering that the Kidush ends there he was pleased that he had intuited correctly [HeChacham Einav B'rosho].

(a) [Sons of R. Chiya] One who did not recite Havdalah on Motzei Shabbos must do so all week.
(b) Question: Until when?
(c) Answer [R. Zeira]: Until the fourth day of the week.

1. We find regarding Gitin, that the first to third days of the week are attached to the previous ["after"] Shabbos.
2. The fourth to sixth day of the week are "before" Shabbos.

(d) [R. Yakov b. Idi] He may not then recite the Berachah over light.

4) THE ORDER OF KIDUSH AND NETILAS YADAYIM

(a) [R. Beruna citing Rav] One who has washed his hands should not be the one to say Kidush.
(b) [R. Yitzhok b. Shmuel bemoaning the rapid loss of Rav's teachings] Rav would at some times make Kidush over wine, and at others over bread [Kidush is obviously not an interruption].
(c) [R. Huna citing Rav] Once he has eaten he may not recite Kidush.
(d) Question: What about saying Havdalah after one has eaten?
(e) Answer [R. Huna]: I say that he may recite Havdalah and R. Asi says that he may not.
(f) R. Yirmiyah made Havdalah in the home of R. Asi after having [forgotten his host's ruling and] tasted food.
(g) R. Asi's wife questioned her husbands' allowing this.
(h) R. Asi replied that R. Yirmiyah is only following his Rebbi.
(i) [R. Yosef citing Shmuel] One who tasted may recite neither Kidush nor Havdalah.
(j) [Rabah citing R. Nachman citing Shmuel] He may recite *both* after tasting.