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1) [line 3] U'MAH ILU DAIKINAN B'HANEI SAHADEI - if we were to be very exacting with these witnesses (and interpret their testimony in the opposite extreme)

2) [line 5] EDUS MUKCHESHES - a contradictory testimony

3) [line 18] CHAKIROS (EDUS: BEDIKAH V'CHAKIRAH)
(a) When witnesses testify in Beis Din about a specific event in order to convict the perpetrator, the judges interrogate each witness separately to determine whether their testimony is reliable.
(b) Chazal learn from the verses of the Torah (Devarim 13:15; 17:4; 19:18) that two types of questions are employed to ascertain the truth of their testimonies: Chakiros and Derishos. There is no limit to the amount and type of Derishos that are used. Chakiros, however, are limited to seven specific questions (Sanhedrin 32a).
(c) The Torah requires that the following seven Chakiros be asked (even though the answers to some of the more specific questions already answer the more general ones). These Chakiros, which are meant to ascertain the time and place of the event, are (1) During which seven-year Shemitah cycle of the Yovel did the event occur? (2) During which year of the Shemitah? (3) During which month? (4) On which day of the month? (5) On which day of the week? (6) During which hour of the day? (7) Where did the event take place?
(d) If a witness cannot answer even one of the Chakiros, his testimony is invalid. The reason for this is that when the witness makes it impossible to testify against him that he was *not* in the place in question at the time in question, we suspect that he is lying (RASHI here, and to Bava Kama 75b DH Aval Hacha).

4) [line 18] EIZO SHAVU'A - during which seven-year Shemitah cycle of the Yovel?

5) [line 25] EDUS SHE'IY ATAH YACHOL L'HAZIMAH
(a) When a witness makes it impossible to testify against him that he was *not* in the place in question at the time in question, we suspect that he is lying.
(b) For example, if a witness cannot answer even one of the Chakiros, his testimony is invalid. Similarly, if for any other reason it is impossible to testify against the witness that he was not in the place in question at the time in question, his testimony is invalid.

6) [line 17] YOMA (B'KARNASA) [BEI KARNASA] KAI - the sun stands between the "corners" of the globe, equally distant from east and west

7) [line 33] LUDIM - (O.F. Cheneleus) the name of a nation of cannibals (RASHI Shabbos 10a)

8) [line 37] K'ZOREK EVEN L'CHEMES - like throwing a stone into a goatskin sack used to hold liquids, i.e. (a) it is harmful to the body; (b) it doesn't achieve anything

9) [line 40] SHINUYEI D'SHANINAN, SHINUYA HU - the solutions we have given are the correct answer (to resolve the apparent contradiction between our Mishnah and the Mishnah in Sanhedrin)

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