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1) [line 2] SHE'KIYEM (KIYUM NEDARIM - Endorsing Vows)
(a) A man has the right to annul certain vows of his wife and his daughter, as the Torah states in Bamidbar 30:6, 9, 13-14. He accomplishes this if on the day that he hears the vow he states "Mufar Lach" ("it is annulled"). There is an argument among the Tana'im whether the vow must be annulled before nightfall on the day the husband/father heard it, or before 24 hours pass from when he heard it (Shabbos 157a). If he does not annul the vow by the end of the day, or if he is Mekayem (upholds) the vow even before the day is over (by saying "the vow should remain valid!"), the vow takes effect and his wife or daughter must abide by her vow.
(b) A father may annul the vows of his daughter while she is a minor or Na'arah (when she grows two pubic hairs) until she becomes a Bogeres (six months after she becomes a Na'arah). If the father marries her off when she is a minor, during the period of Eirusin both the father *and* the future husband must annul the vows in order for the annulment to take place. After the period of Nisu'in, the husband may annul the vows and not the father. Nobody may annul the vows of an unmarried *mature* woman; they need to be revoked, as follows.
(c) When an adult makes a Neder (or designates Chalah, Terumah or Kodshim) or Nezirus, he may have it revoked by a Beis Din of three (if they are not outstanding authorities) or a Yachid Mumcheh (an outstanding authority). The general method used is that Beis Din investigates whether the person would not have made the Neder in the first place had he been aware of a particular fact.

2) [line 14] "V'IM HAYO SIHEYEH L'ISH..." - "And if she shall be married (or betrothed) to a man and her vows were upon her, [or any utterance of her lips with which she prohibited something upon herself (lit. with which she bound her soul);]" (Bamidbar 30:7)

3) [line 18] V'IM BEIS ISHAH NADARAH..." - "And if she vowed in her husband's house, [or she established a prohibition upon herself through an oath (lit. bound her soul by a bond with an oath);]" (Bamidbar 30:11)

4) [last line] EIN HA'BA'AL MEIFER B'KODMIN
(a) See entry #1, above.
(b) Vows that a Na'arah made before her betrothal that her father never heard are referred to as "Kodmin." Her fiance is permitted to annul these vows, in conjunction with the annulment of the father. This is learned from the words, "u'Nedareha Aleha" (Bamidbar 30:7). Her husband, however, is not allowed to annul Kodmin. This is learned from the words, "v'Im Beis Ishah Nadarah" (ibid. 30:11).

5) [line 3] "...V'ASRAH ISAR [B]'VEIS AVIHAH..." - "[If a woman also vows a vow to HaSh-m,] and establishes a prohibition in her father's house [in her youth;]" (Bamidbar 30:4)

6) [line 4] "...(YANI) [HENI]...OSAH..." - "[But if her father] restrained her [on the day that he hears; all of her vows, or prohibitions that she established upon herself shall not stand; and HaSh-m shall forgive her, because her father restrained her.]" (Bamidbar 30:6)

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