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Eruvin 26
ERUVIN 26-29 has been sponsored by Rabbi and Mrs. Eli Turkel of Ra'anana, Israel
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1) [line 1] SHALFINHU - he pulled them out
2) [line 2] NAKTINHU MI'BASREI - they picked them up from behind him (and
took them away)
*3*) [line 7] AMAR LEI RAV PAPA L'RAVA - Rav Papa cited proof that Rava was
indeed correct in his ruling, which is why he uprooted the sticks of Rav
Huna bar Chinena in the first place (RASHI, in his first explanation);
alternatively Rav Papa changed his mind and decided he -- and Rava -- was
incorrect in uprooting Rav Huna bar Chinena's sticks (RASHI, in his second
explanation; see Insights)
4) [line 8] ADRACHLIN - builders
*5*) [line 10] KEIVAN D'L'TZENI'USA AVIDA - since the wall around the
orchard was made simply for privacy (Rashi's first explanation);
alternatively, since the walls of the *Avarneka* were only made for privacy
(Rashi's second explanation)
6) [line 13] HA'ASUYAH L'NACHAS - (a) that is made for the protection of
what is placed there (RASHI); (b) according to the Girsa *SHE'EINAH* ASUYAH
L'NACHAS - that is not made to be permanent (RABEINU CHANANEL)
7) [line 14] ARSEYASA - neighborhood
8) [line 15] PEIRA D'VEI TOREI - the ditches where date pits were stored as
food for oxen
9) [line 19] BEIS KUR (MEASUREMENTS)
A Beis Kur is a parcel of land in which a Kur (= 30 Se'ah) of grain is
normally planted. The area of a Beis Kur is 75,000 square Amos,
approximately 17,280 square meters (186,000 square feet) or 24,883 square
meters (267,837 square feet), depending upon the differing Halachic opinions
- 1 KUR = 30 SE'AH
- 1 EIFAH = 3 SE'AH
- 1 SE'AH = 6 KAV
- 1 KAV = 4 LUG
- 1 LUG = 6 BEITZIM
10) [line 21] ISTERATYA SHEL MELECH - an enclosed area behind a palace where
kings stroll
11) [line 23] "CHATZER HA'TICHONAH" - "the middle court" (Melachim II 20:4)
- In this verse, these words are actually written "*ha'Ir* (= the city)
ha'Tichonah." This teaches us that Rebbi Eliezer permits carrying in an area
that was not enclosed for living purposes even if it is as big as an average
sized city, (which is forty se'ah according to Chananya and thirty Se'ah
according to Rebbi Ilai).
12) [line 31] DILMA ASI L'IGRUYEI BEI SATAN - it may cause Satan to start up
with them
26b---------------------------------------26b
13) [line 31] V'HEVI KI ORACH L'GABAIHU - in order to be considered a guest
with regard to the rest of the inhabitants of the courtyard
14) [line 36] ATZVASA CHARUZEYASA - (a) the thick fibrous substance that
grows around a palm tree (RASHI); (b) thick thorny creepers that grow on a
palm tree, whose leaves are shaped like a scorpion (RAMBAM, Peirush
ha'Mishnayos, TIFERES YISRAEL)
*****PEREK #3 BA'KOL ME'ARVIN*****
15) [line 38] BA'KOL ME'ARVIN - an Eruv can be made with any type of food
(Rashi claims that this refers to Eruvei Chatzeiros and Eruvei Techumin.
Other Rishonim state that this refers to Eruvei Techumin only; Eruvei
Chatzeiros can only be made with bread
16) [line 38] ME'ARVIN
(a) A person is only allowed to walk a distance of 2000 Amos, approximately
960 meters (3147 feet) or 1,152 meters (3774 feet), depending upon the
differing Halachic opinions, from his city or dwelling place (if he is not
in a city) on Shabbos or Yom Tov. If he wants to walk another 2000 Amos, he
must make an Eruv Techumin.
(b) This is accomplished by placing an amount of one food that would be used
for two meals nearly 2000 Amos away from his present location, in the
direction in which he wishes to walk. The location where his food is placed
is considered his new dwelling for that Shabbos or Yom Tov, and he may walk
2000 Amos in any direction from there.
17) [line 38] MISHTATFIN
(a) THE TORAH LAW - According to Torah law, in a courtyard (Chatzer) which
has in it houses owned by different people, all of the neighbors may
transfer objects from their houses to the courtyard and into other houses on
Shabbos. Even though each house is a separate Reshus ha'Yachid, it is
permissible to move objects from one Reshus ha'Yachid to another. Such is
also the case when several *courtyards* open on a dead-end alley (Mavoy -
the Rabanan enacted that a Mavoy must have a Lechi or Korah, see
Introduction to Maseches Eruvin), or when an entire city is walled. (RAMBAM
Hilchos Eruvin 1:1)
(b) ERUV AND SHITUF - King Shlomo decreed that transferring objects from a
*private* Reshus ha'Yachid to a *public* one is forbidden, unless an *Eruv
Chatzeiros* (lit. a mixing of the courtyard, Rambam Hil. Eruvin 1:6; or
fraternization of the courtyard, Eruvin 49a) is created on Friday, before
Shabbos begins. (Shabbos 14b, Eruvin 21b). (The equivalent of an Eruv
Chatzeiros for an alley or a city is called a *Shituf Mavo'os*.) This is
accomplished by all of the neighbors collectively setting aside a loaf of
bread, in one common container, in one of the houses of the courtyard (or,
in the case of Shituf, in one of the courtyards of the alleyway). This shows
that all neighbors have an equal share in all of the Reshuyos ha'Yachid,
just as they all have a share in that bread. Through this act, they can be
considered one Reshus again. (An Eruv Chatzeros uses bread. A Shituf is not
limited to bread; any food may be used except for water, salt and
mushrooms.) (RAMBAM ibid. 1:4-9)
18) [last line] BEIS HA'PRAS
(a) There are three types of Beis ha'Pras: (1) a field in which a grave was
plowed over, scattering the bones in all directions; (2) a field in which
there is a grave that we cannot find; (3) a field on the edge of a town
where a corpse was brought for burial. In the latter instance, we suspect
that: (a) part of the corpse may have dislodged and remains in the field, or
(b) the corpse was inadvertently left there and not taken to a cemetery as
all. Our Mishnah is discussing the first type, (a).
(b) The Rabbanan decreed that the field is Metamei in every direction from
the grave for the length of the furrow of a plow, which is 50 Amos. This
results in an area of 100 Amos by 100 Amos around the grave.
(c) The Bartenura offers three explanations as to why the word "Pras" was
used:
(1) the Tum'ah *spreads* (Pores) out in all directions
(2) the bones are *broken* (Perusim)
(3) peoples *feet* (Parsos) stay away from there
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