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1) [line 1] ONEN (ANINUS - The Halachic status of a mourner immediately after a close relative's death)
(a) A person is called an Onen mid'Oraisa on the day of death of one of his seven closest relatives for whom he is required to arrange for burial (i.e. father, mother, brother, sister, son, daughter and wife). Chazal (Zevachim 101a) learn the Halachah of Aninus from the verse, "v'Achalti Chatas ha'Yom, ha'Yitav b'Einei HaSh-m?" (Vayikra 10:19). Among the Halachos that apply to an Onen is that a Kohen who is an Onen is prohibited from doing the Avodah (divine service) in the Beis ha'Mikdash unless he is the Kohen Gadol (Vayikra 10:7, 21:1-4). Moreover, an Onen (even the Kohen Gadol) may not eat Kodshim, Terumah and Ma'aser Sheni.
(b) For a further discussion of Aninus and the difference between Aninus mid'Oraisa and Aninus mid'Rabanan, see Background to Yoma 13:5.

2) [line 1] MECHUSAR KIPURIM
(a) There are three stages in the Taharah (purification) process of a Zav, Zavah, Yoledes, and Metzora: 1. Tevilah (immersing in a Ma'ayan - for a Zav, or a Mikvah - for the others), 2. He'erev Shemesh (nightfall after the Tevilah) and 3. a Korban.
(b) The above Teme'im may not eat Terumah until nightfall after the Tevilah. They may not eat Kodshim until they have brought their Korbanos the following morning. A Tamei who has only immersed is called a Tevul Yom until nightfall. After nightfall he is called a Mechusar Kaparah until he brings his Korban.

3) [line 1] D'KITRA B'MAYA AHADUKEI MIHADAK - since a knot in water remains taut [and water may not reach the material inside of the knot]

4) [line 2] D'MAYA AKFUYEI MAKFU LEI L'MANA - the water in the bottom vessel makes the upper vessel float

5) [line 8] DERARA D'TUM'AH MID'ORAISA - (a) a trace, or hint, of Tum'ah from the Torah. For example, a Chatzitzah mid'Rabanan is considered Derara d'Tum'ah mid'Oraisa since a *true* Chatzitzah will cause the object to remain Tamei mid'Oraisa. Similarly, the Gezerah that all Mashkin can make a utensil Tamei stems from the Torah law that Mashkin of a Zav and a Zavah are Avos ha'Tum'ah mid'Oraisa and can make utensils Tamei. (RASHI); (b) according to the Girsa *DERARA D'TUM'AH* (without the word MID'ORAISA) - a trace of Tum'ah; i.e. in the first five cases, there already exists some sort of Tum'ah and the Rabanan added to or extended it, while in the latter cases the Rabanan introduced Tum'ah when there was none. (RABEINU CHANANEL)

6) [line 17] KI'SHEFOFERES HA'NOD - the size of the diameter of a hollow reed (two Etzba'os - fingerbreadths) that is placed in the opening of a leather bottle

7) [last line] K'OVYAH UCH'CHALALAH - like [the diameter of a reed, measuring from one surface to the opposite surface, which is equal to the sum of two times] the thickness of the wall of the reed plus the diameter of the hollow space within the reed (TIE'ERES YISRAEL Mikva'os 6:7:49)

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