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1) MISHNAH: MEASURING ON YOMTOV

(a) (Tana Kama) One may ask one's friend to fill his utensil with a liquid, but he may not designate a measure.
(b) (R. Yehudah) If the utensil is a measuring cup, it should not be used.
(c) Aba Shaul b. Batnis would fill his measuring utensils before YomTov and give them to the buyers on YomTov.
(d) (Aba Shaul) He would do so on Chol HaMoed.
(e) (Chachamim) He would do so at all times in order to insure complete measures of the oil.

(a) Question: What is meant by Aval Lo b'Midah?
(b) Answer (R. Yehudah citing Shmuel): One may not use a Keli designated for measuring, but one may use a Keli which is no more than a spare while R. Yehudah forbids the use of *any* measuring vessel.

1. Question: But that set R. Yehudah l'Chumrah regarding Simchas YomTov (and Rabanan l'Kulah), the opposite of our Mishnah?
2. Answer: To resolve R. Yehudah we must distinguish between a Keli which was not used for weighing (permitted) versus a measuring Keli where R. Yehudah is strict.
3. Answer: We resolve Rabanan by distinguishing between normal weekday activity (requesting an amount) and exceptional activity (requesting a filled vessel).

(c) Answer (Rava): That he may not mention a measure by name, but he may use a measuring cup (R. Yehudah agrees that one may use a Keli haOmed leMidah, he only argues to prohibit a Keli haMeyuchad leMidah).

1. Question: But their positions contradict?
2. Answers: As above.

(a) He would also do so on the Moed to free up the daytime for learning and answering questions.
(b) He collected 300 barrels of wine from Birurei haMidos while his colleagues collected 300 barrels of oil from Mitzuy haMidos.
(c) They brought the 300 barrels to the treasurers of Hekdesh who initially indicated that what they were doing was not necessary, and when they persisted the treasurers told them that Safek Gezel should benefit the community at large.

1. Question: What are such needs?
2. Answer (R. Chisda): Water cisterns.

(d) R. Chisda took Rabana Ukva for a walk and taught him:

1. One may not measure barley for his animal on YomTov (but rather he may dig a measuring cup into the barley and take it out full).
2. One who cooks for another may measure spices on YomTov in order that excess spices should not cause the food to burn.

(e) (R. Yirmiyah b. Aba citing Rav) A woman may measure flour for her dough on YomTov to encourage her to give Chalah (one twenty-fourth) generously.
(f) (Shmuel) It is still forbidden.
(g) Question: But Shmuel is cited (in a Tana d'vei Shmuel) as ruling leniently!?
(h) Answer (Abaye): Shmuel himself taught the Halachah l'Ma'aseh.

4) RE-SIFTING FLOUR

(a) (Tana Kama) One is not permitted to re-sift flour.
(b) (R. Papayos and R. Yehudah b. Beseira) It is permitted.
(c) All agree that re-sifting flour is permitted if a stone or a splinter of wood fell into the flour on YomTov.

1. The Beraisa expert taught that in such a case the stones or splinters may be removed by hand (but not by re-sifting)
2. Ravina objected on the grounds that removing them by hand moreso resembles Bereirah and it is preferable to re-sift the flour, which does not resemble a Melachah.

(d) Rava b. R. Huna Zuta taught publicly that re-sifting flour is permitted.
(e) R. Nachman relayed to him that this was already well known (there were already many sieves at work in Neherda'a, re-sifting flour).
(f) R. Yosef taught his wife that no Shinui was needed.
(g) R. Ashi's wife re-sifted flour with a Shinui and he deferred to her practice seeing as she was the daughter of (the Halachically meticulous) Rani b. Chama she must have seen it being done so in his house.

(a) One may ask a store-keeper for a certain number of eggs and nuts.
(b) One does so in one's own home (and thus it is not exclusively a business practice).

(a) Other requests may be made (as listed) provided that one does not include the amount required (Sechum Midah).
(b) (R. Shimon b. Elazar) He may not mention the price (Sechum Mekach).

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