POINT BY POINT SUMMARY
by Rabbi Ephraim Becker Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Yerushalayim Rosh Kollel: Rabbi Mordecai Kornfeld
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Beitzah 13
BEITZAH 11-15 - Ari Kornfeld has generously sponsored the Dafyomi
publications for these Dafim, for the benefit of Klal Yisrael
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1) CRACKING OPEN SHELLS OF SEEDS ON YOM TOV (cont'd)
(a) Answer: Rava holds that our Mishnah is subject to a
Machlokes Tana'im.
1. (Tana Kama) One who brought in sheaves of wheat
with intent to make flour, may eat from them
sporadically and is exempt from separating
Terumah.
2. (Rebbi) If he brought them in with intent to roll
them and eat the kernels, he is Chayav to separate
Terumah (unlike the view of our Mishnah).
3. (R. Yosi b. R. Yehudah) He is exempt from
separating Terumah (like our Mishnah).
(b) Question: How can our Mishnah be R. Yosi (who agrees
that there is a case in which one may separate Terumah
on Yom Tov)!?
1. One brought in sheaves of wheat with intent to
make flour, and then changed his mind and decided
to roll them and eat the kernels.
2. They become Tevel (obligated in Terumah) on Yom
Tov.
(c) Answer: When the Mishnah says that Terumah cannot be
separated on Yom Tov, it means *most* Terumah cannot be
separated on Yom Tov (and thus the Mishnah can be in
accordance with both Rebbi and R. Yosi, and Rava's
statement is not problematic).
2) THE MACHLOKES BETWEEN REBBI AND R. YOSI REGARDING TEVEL
(a) (Abaye) The Machlokes (Rebbi and R. Yosi) applies only
with sheaves of wheat, but everyone agrees that kernels
of legumes become Tevel (and are obligated in Terumah)
when one brings them inside in their bundles (since
most people eat them in that state after cracking them
open).
(b) Question: Shall the following Mishnah support Abaye?
1. One who has bundles of Tilsan which are Tevel, may
crush them (to remove the chaff), estimate how
much of the mixture is seeds and how much is
chaff, and separate Terumah on the estimated
amount of seeds and not on the chaff.
2. Say that the Mishnah is R. Yosi, who says that in
the case of ears of wheat, bringing them in to
roll and eat the kernels does not make them Tevel
(such that Terumah must be separated), while in
this case, bringing the bundles of Tilsan in to
eat makes them Tevel.
(c) Answer: No, that Mishnah is Rebbi (and there is no
proof that R. Yosi agrees in a case of kernels of
legumes).
(d) Question: If it is Rebbi, why does it discuss bundles
of Tilsan, when Rebbi holds that even ears of wheat
become Tevel when brought in to eat?!
(e) Answer: Rather, it is R. Yosi.
1. Question: But if so, it should state its Din
regarding other types of legumes, and then we
would certainly know that Tilsan becomes Tevel?!
2. Answer: We might have obligated one to separate
Terumah for all of the Tilsan (that even though
the seed and the chaff taste the same nevertheless
one only separates Terumah for the seeds).
3) THE MACHLOKES BETWEEN REBBI AND R. YOSI REGARDING TEVEL
(SECOND VERSION)
(a) (Abaye) The Machlokes (Rebbi and R. Yosi) applies only
with sheaves of wheat, but everyone agrees that kernels
of legumes do not become Tevel (and are not obligated
in Terumah) when one brings them inside in their
bundles (since most people do not eat them in that
state after cracking them open).
(b) Question: The following Mishnah seems to contradict
Abaye?
1. One who has bundles of Tilsan which are Tevel...
2. Say that "Tevel" refers to Tevel of Terumah, and
contradicts Abaye!
(c) Answer: No, "Tevel" there refers to Tevel of Terumas
Ma'aser, and the Mishnah is referring to a case like
that of R. Avahu in the name of Resh Lakish.
1. (R. Avahu citing Resh Lakish) When a Levi took
Ma'aser Rishon from the sheaves (before they
became obligated in Terumah which the Kohen gets),
it is obligated in Terumas Ma'aser (even though it
is still in an unfinished state of processing),
because the status of Ma'aser Rishon obligates it
in Terumas Ma'aser.
2. Question: If the case of the Mishnah is Tevel of
Terumas Ma'aser, then why does the Mishnah say
that one "crushes" the Tilsan (the Levi may say,
"Just as I received it in its raw form, so shall I
give it to the Kohen in its raw form.")?!
3. Answer: It is a penalty (for taking Ma'aser Rishon
before Terumah was given to the Kohen).
4. A Beraisa supports this, when it says that the
Levi must give Terumas Ma'aser from the finished
state, and not from the raw state.
13b---------------------------------------13b
5. Question: If the case of the Mishnah is Tevel of
Terumas Ma'aser, then why does the Mishnah say
that one *estimates* how much Terumah must be
given (since Terumas Ma'aser requires an exact
measuring)!?
6. Answer: That Mishnah follows Aba Elazar b. Gimel,
who teaches (in a Beraisa) that Terumas Ma'aser
may be given by estimation just as Terumah may be
given by estimation.
(d) Question: What is the reason for the ruling of R. Avahu
in the name of Resh Lakish?
(e) Answer: The Torah made the obligation of Terumah take
effect whenever the produce acquires the title
"Ma'aser."
4) MA'ASER RISHON WHICH WAS TAKEN BEFORE TERUMAH GEDOLAH
(a) (Resh Lakish) When a Levi took Ma'aser Rishon from the
sheaves (before they became obligated in Terumah which
the Kohen gets), that which he took is exempt from
Terumah Gedolah (proof text).
(b) Question: Perhaps the verse is teaching that even when
the Levi took Ma'aser Rishon from the piles (after they
had become obligated in Terumah), that which he took is
exempt from Terumah Gedolah?!
(c) Answer: Another verse states that the Levi must give to
the Kohen all forms of Terumah that his portion of
Ma'aser contains.
(d) Question: On the contrary, perhaps that verse obligates
him to give Terumah Gedolah from the Ma'aser which he
took even from the sheaves?!
(e) Answer: When the wheat has been piled, it acquires the
title of "Dagan" (grain), which the Torah obligates in
Terumah, while sheaves are not yet called "Dagan."
5) PEELING OFF SHELLS, WITH REGARD TO MA'ASEROS AND SHABBOS
(a) (Mishnah) One may peel barley kernels and eat them one
at a time (and he does not have to separate Ma'aseros).
(b) But if he peels them and collects them in his hand, he
is obligated (to separate Ma'aseros).
1. (R. Elazar) That Mishnah also applies to Shabbos
(one may peel the barley and eat it one at a time,
but he may not collect them in a pile in his
hand).
2. Question: But the wives of Rav and R. Chiya peeled
cupfuls of barley for them on Shabbos!
3. Answer: Rather, R. Elazar's statement was said
regarding the Seifa of the Mishnah there.
i. (Mishnah) One who rolls ears of wheat may
blow them one at a time and eat them (and he
does not have to separate Ma'aseros).
ii. But if he rolls them and collects them in his
lap, he is obligated (to separate Ma'aseros).
iii. (R. Elazar) That Mishnah also applies to
Shabbos (one may roll the wheat and eat it
one at a time, but he may not collect them in
a pile in his lap).
(c) Question: In the Reisha of the Mishnah, how can peeling
the barley obligate it in Ma'aseros (because it is the
final Melachah), while be permitted on Shabbos (and not
be considered a Melachah)?
(d) Answer: The laws of Ma'aser and of Shabbos are
different, because the Isur of Melachah on Shabbos
depends on doing a "Meleches Machsheves."
1. (Mishnah) When onions are collected in a pile,
they become obligated in Ma'aseros.
2. However, regarding Shabbos, one who collects
onions in a pile is Patur.
6) HOW TO ROLL EARS OF WHEAT ON YOM TOV
(a) Question: How does one roll (on Yom Tov)?
(b) Answer (Abaye): Between the thumb and one finger.
(c) Answer (R. Avya): Between the thumb and two fingers.
(d) Answer (Rava): Since one is doing it with a Shinui, it
is permitted even between the thumb and all of the
fingers.
7) BLOWING AWAY THE CHAFF ON SHABBOS
(a) Question: How does one blow away the chaff (on
Shabbos)?
(b) Answer (R. Ada b. Ahavah citing Rav): He blows from the
joints of his fingers and up (but not in his palms).
(c) The Amora'im in Israel laughed in reaction to this
opinion, because since one is doing it with a Shinui,
it should permitted even in the entire hand!
(d) Answer (R. Elazar): Rather, one may blow in one hand
and with all of his strength.
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