Please note that unless otherwise indicated, we follow the explanation of Rashi. Consequently, our notes and comments do not necessarily have any bearing on the practical Halachah.

1)

(a) For how long before a gentile festival may one not do business with a gentile?

(b) She'eilah and Halva'ah (both to a gentile and from him) are forbidden too .
What is the difference between She'eilah and Halva'ah?

(c) What else did Chazal include in the prohibition?

(a) Why did Chazal forbid all these things?

(b) Rebbi Yehudah permits claiming one's debts from them, because having to pay a debt causes distress rather than joy.
How do the Rabbanan counter this?

(a) Rav and Shmuel argue whether the word 'Eideihen should be spelt with an 'Alef' or with an 'Ayin'.
What do we prove from the Pasuk ...

1. ... in Ha'azinu "Ki Karov Yom Eidam"?
2. ... in Yeshayah "Yitnu Eideihen Ve'yitzdaku"?

(b) How do we explain the latter Pasuk if, as we currently believe, it refers to Nochrim?

(c) The one who learns from "Ki Karov Yom Eidam" maintains that the Tana prefers to refer to their downfall.
What is the reasoning of the one who learns from "Yitnu Eideihen ve'Yitzdaku"?

(d) We have a problem with our second source Pasuk, based on a statement by Resh Lakish.
How does he interpret ...

1. ... "Yitnu Eideihen Ve'yitzdaku"?
2. ... "Yishme'u Ve'yomru Emes"?

(e) What does Rav Huna b'rei de'Rav Yehoshua finally learn from the Pasuk in Yeshayah "Yotzri Pesel Kulam Tohu va'Chamudeihem bal Yo'ilu, ve'Eideihem Heimah'?

(a) Rebbi Chanina bar Papa (or Rebbi Simla'i) Darshened that in the World to Come, Hashem will take a Sefer-Torah and carry it in His bosom.
What will He then announce?

(b) What will He say when all the nations will arrive simultaneously to collect their reward?

(c) How do we learn this from the Pasuk in Yeshayah (in connection with the current episode) "Va'ya'asfu Le'umim"?

5)

(a) The fact that the nations mix when being judged will not trouble Hashem.
How do we know that? What precedent do we have for this?

(b) Then why will He find it necessary to prevent them from mixing?

(c) Rebbi Yochanan states that Rome will be the first nation to enter the courtroom.
On what basis?

(a) We know that when it comes to being judged, the most important is the first to enter, from a statement by Rav Chisda.
What did Rav Chisda learn from the Pasuk in Melachim "La'asos Mishpat Avdo u'Mishpat Amo Yisrael ... "?

(b) The reason for this might be because it is not Derech Eretz to leave a king waiting outside.
What is the alternative reason?

(c) When Hashem will ask the Romans what role they played in Torah-study, what will they reply? What do market-places, bath-houses and abundance of silver and gold have to do with Torah-study?

(a) What will Hashem reply? What were the true motives behind the market-places and the bathhouses?

(b) How about the silver and gold?

(c) What does Hashem mean when he concludes 'K'lum Yesh Bachem Magid Zos'?
What does 'Zos' refer to?

(d) Hashem will initially address them as fools.
How will they react to His ruling?

(a) Next in line will be the Persians.
Why is that?

(b) In Nevuchadnetzar's dream, the Persians were compared to a bear for four reasons. To begin with, they ate and drank like a bear and were fat like a bear.
What are the other two?

(c) They will claim that they built many bridges, captured many cities, and fought many wars on behalf of Yisrael.
What will be Hashem's response to ...

1. ... the first two claims?
2. ... the third claim?

(d) How can the Romans and the Persians make such preposterous claims, bearing in mind that we are speaking about Olam ha'Ba, which is a world of truth?

(a) The judgment of the Persians will end the same way as that of the Romans.
What led them to believe that they would succeed where the Romans failed?

(b) Will the above two nations be the only ones to take up Hashem's challenge?

(c) Why will the subsequent nations hope to fare better than the Romans and the Persians?

(d) What makes these two nations more important than the Babylonians and the Greeks (see Tosfos DH 'Mai Sh'na'), who also subjugated Yisrael?

(e) What is the connection between Persia and Galus Bavel?

(a) To whom is the Pasuk referring when it writes "Va'yomar, Hashem mi'Sinai Ba ve'Zarach mi'Se'ir Lamo"?

(b) What was Hashem doing there?

(c) In light of this statement of Rebbi Yochanan, how do we initially amend the statement of the nations 'K'lum Nasata Lanu ve'Lo Kibalnuhah?'?

(d) Seeing as that is also no credit to them, how do we finally amend the statement? What is their Ta'anah against Hashem?

(a) What does Rav Dimi bar Chama learn from the Pasuk "Va'yisyatzvu be'Sachtis ha'Har"?

(b) What will Hashem answer the nations (based on the Pasuk in Yeshayah "ve'Rishonos Yashmi'usnu")?

(c) What do we learn from the Pasuk in Chavakuk "Amad Va'yemoded Eretz, Ra'ah Viter Goyim"? What did Hashem see, and what do we initially think that he did?

(d) What problem do we have with this explanation?

(a) What does Rebbi Meir in a Beraisa learn from the Pasuk in Acharei-Mos "Asher Ya'aseh Osam *ha'Adam* va'Chai Bahem"? What ought the Pasuk to have otherwise written?

(b) How does this clash with Mar b'rei de'Ravina's latest version of Hashem's reactions to the gentiles' having relinquished their seven Mitzvos? What did he say?

(c) We finally settle the issue by citing Rebbi Chanina.
What did Rebbi Chanina say about someone who performs Mitzvos when he is commanded?

(d) How does this solve our problem? What did Hashem do with the nations of the world?

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