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1) KASHERING FROM THE INSIDE

(a) Question: Why are Klei Cheres in the Mikdash broken, we should return them to the furnace (in which they were made, they will be Husak from the inside and outside!)
(b) Answer (R. Zeira): We do not make furnaces in Yerushalayim (on account of the smoke). (c) Question (Abaye): Is it better to make wasteheaps (from all the broken Kelim)?
(d) Abaye was unaware that Shemayah taught that broken Klei Cheres were miraculously swallowed up in their place.
(e) Question (Rav Nachman): The oven in the Mikdash was made of metal.

1. (Inference: It was not made of Cheres, for Cheres cannot be Kashered.)
2. Since it is heated from the inside (the same place where it absorbs), it can be Kashered!

(f) Answer: The Shtei ha'Lechem and Lechem ha'Panim were baked in the oven, therefore it was a Kli Shares; we do not make Klei Shares of Cheres;

1. Even R. Yosi b'Rebbi Yehudah is lenient only to allow Klei Shares of wood, not of Cheres.

(a) R. Yitzchak bar Yehudah used to learn from Rami bar Chama; he abandoned him, and went to learn from Rav Sheshes. One day he encountered Rami bar Chama.

1. Rami: Because you went to learn from Rav Sheshes, do you think that you are like Rav Sheshes?!
2. R. Yitzchak: No - I left you, for when I would ask you questions, you would answer from reasoning - if I find a Beraisa which says otherwise, it refutes you;

i. Rav Sheshes answers from Beraisos - even if I find a Beraisa which says otherwise, it is no stronger than his Beraisa!

3. Rami: Ask me a question, and I will answer (from reasoning) just like a Beraisa!

(b) Question (R. Yitzchak bar Yehudah): If Kodshim were cooked in part of a Kli, is Merikah u'Shtifah required for the part that was not over the fire?
(c) Answer (Rami bar Chama): It is not required, as we find regarding Haza'ah (we need not launder an entire garment if Dam Chatas splashed on part of it.)
(d) R. Yitzchak: You did not answer me like a Beraisa!
(e) Rami: Surely, the law of Merikah u'Shtifah parallels the law of Haza'ah!
(f) R. Yitzchak: It is different - blood does not spread through a garment, but cooking causes absorptions to spread through a vessel!

1. (Beraisa): Stringencies of Haza'ah (the need to wash Dam Chatas from a garment) over Merikah u'Shtifah - these apply to outer and inner Chata'os, and before Zerikah;
2. Stringencies of Merikah u'Shtifah over Haza'ah - they apply to Kodshei Kodoshim and Kodshim Kalim, and if Kodshim were cooked in part of a Kli, the entire Kli requires Merikah u'Shtifah, this does not apply to Haza'ah.

(g) Rami: The Beraisa refutes me.
(h) Question: What is the reason?
(i) Answer: "V'Im bi'Chli Nechoshes Bushalah" - even if it was cooked in part of the Kli.

(a) (Mishnah): The law (of Merikah u'Shtifah) applies to Kodshei Kodoshim (and Kodshim Kalim.)
(b) (Beraisa - R. Yehudah): "Chatas" -this only teaches about Chatas;

1. Question: What is the source to include all Kodshim?
2. Answer: "Kodesh Kodoshim Hi".
3. Suggestion: Perhaps even Terumah is included!
4. Rejection: "Osah" excludes Terumah.

(c) R. Shimon says, Kodshei Kodoshim require Merikah u'Shtifah, not Kodshim Kalim;

1. The verse says "Kodesh Kodoshim" - it does not include Kodshim Kalim.

(d) Question: What is R. Yehudah's reason?
(e) Answer: Since "Osah" is needed to exclude Terumah, this implies that Kodshim Kalim are included.

1. R. Shimon uses "Osah" as above (93A, to exclude blood of a Pasul Chatas from the law of laundering.)

(f) Question: Is it really true that Merikah u'Shtifah does not apply to Terumah?!

1. (Beraisa): One may not cook milk in a pot in which meat was cooked; if milk was cooked in it, if it absorbed the taste of meat, it is forbidden;
2. One may not cook Chulin in a pot in which Terumah was cooked; if Chulin was cooked in it, if it absorbed the taste of Terumah, only a Kohen may eat it.

(g) Answer #1 (Abaye): If Kodshim was cooked in part of a Kli, the entire Kli requires Merikah u'Shtifah;

1. Regarding Terumah, only that part requires Merikah u'Shtifah.

(h) Answer #2 (Rava): Regarding Kodshim, water must be used for Merikah u'Shtifah;

1. Regarding Terumah, even wine or mixed wine may be used.

(i) Answer #3 (Rabah bar Ula): Regarding Kodshim, Merikah u'Shtifah in cold water is required in addition to Hag'alah (Kashering in boiling water);

1. Regarding Terumah, Hag'alah is sufficient.

(j) Question: This is according to the opinion that Merikah u'Shtifah is in cold water;

1. According to the opinion that Merikah is in hot water, and Shtifah is in cold water, how can we answer?

(k) Answer: Regarding Terumah, Merikah is sufficient.