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1) "DAM KODSHIM" THAT BECAME MIXED WITH OTHER BLOOD (cont.)

(a) (Continuation of Mishnah): If blood that requires one Matanah (Zerikah) was mixed with blood that requires one Matanah; we do one Matanah; if blood that requires four Matanos was mixed with blood that requires four, four are done;
(b) If blood that requires four Matanos (really, two Matanos on opposite edges, the blood goes on all four walls) was mixed with blood that requires one:

1. R. Eliezer says, we do four Matanos;
2. R. Yehoshua says, we do one Matanah.
3. R. Eliezer: You transgress Bal Tigra (do not do less than the Mitzvah requires)!
4. R. Yehoshua: You transgress Bal Tosif (do not do more than the Mitzvah specifies)!
5. R. Eliezer: No, Bal Tosif is only when all the blood is being thrown more than it should - here, some of the blood requires all four Matanos!
6. R. Yehoshua: Likewise, Bal Tigra is only when all the blood is thrown less than it should be - here, he has thrown some of it as much as he should!

i. Further - when you throw too much, you transgress Bal Tosif through an action - this is worse than throwing too little, then you transgress Bal Tigra passively!

(c) (Gemara -R. Elazar): R. Eliezer only permits throwing two at a time (since one of them is surely Kosher, we assume that the other is also), not one at a time.
(d) Question (R. Yirmeyah - Mishnah - Chachamim): Even if all of them except for one were offered, the remaining one is poured into the Amah (this implies that R. Eliezer argues, and permits throwing the last one)!
(e) Answer (R. Yirmeyah bar Tachlifa): They mean, even if all of them except for one *pair* were offered, the remaining pair is poured into the Amah.
(f) The argument of R. Eliezer and Chachamim must be taught regarding limbs and blood:

1. If we taught the argument only regarding limbs, one might have thought that there R. Eliezer permits offering the rest, for the Korban was already Mechaper (Zerikah was proper), but he would not allow Zerikah here;
2. If we taught the argument only regarding blood, one might have thought that here Chachamim forbid throwing the rest, but they would admit regarding limbs, for the Korban was already Mechaper.

(a) (Mishnah - R. Eliezer): If a small amount of water fell into a flask with Mei Chatas, for every sprinkling done from this flask (to Metaher), two Haza'os must be done (this will be explained);
(b) Chachamim Posel (the water may not be used).
(c) Question: We understand Chachamim - (Tosfos - even if) they hold Yeish Bilah (we assume that one liquid disperses amidst every part of the other), they hold that there is a Shi'ur (minimum required quantity) for Haza'ah, and we cannot combine Mei Chatas from different Haza'os to comprise the Shi'ur;

1. Question: But what is R. Eliezer's opinion?

i. If he holds that Ein Bilah (we do not assume that one liquid disperses amidst every part of the other), it does not help to sprinkle twice (perhaps neither is Mei Chatas)!
ii. If he holds Yeish Bilah - if he holds that there is no Shi'ur for Haza'ah, one Haza'ah suffices!

2. Answer: Rather, he must hold that there is a Shi'ur for Haza'ah.
3. Summation of question (c): If he holds that we cannot combine Mei Chatas from different Haza'os, it does not help to do two Haza'os;

i. Even if he holds that the two Haza'os join, perhaps each was mostly (plain) water, there is not a Shi'ur between them!

(d) Answer #1 (Reish Lakish): He holds Yeish Bilah, there is a Shi'ur for Haza'ah (and Haza'os join) - the case is, only one drop of water fell in (so two Haza'os surely contain a Shi'ur of Mei Chatas);
(e) Answer #2 (Rava): He holds Yeish Bilah, there is no Shi'ur for Haza'ah - the requirement for two Haza'os is a fine, in order that he will not profit from the water that mixed with the Mei Chatas (increasing their volume - since all future Haza'os must be doubled, he loses);
(f) Answer #3 (Rav Ashi): He holds Ein Bilah, there is no Shi'ur for Haza'ah - the case is, only one drop of water fell in (so two Haza'os surely contain some Mei Chatas).
(g) Question (against Reish Lakish - Beraisa - Rebbi): R. Eliezer holds that there is no Shi'ur for Haza'ah, any amount is Metaher; the drop may be half Kosher and half Pasul.

(h) (The following six questions are against Rav Ashi. We amend the text of the Beraisa as it appears in the Tosefta (8:8).)
(i) Question #1 (Beraisa - R. Eliezer): If lower blood was mixed with upper blood, we Zorek some above, viewing the lower blood like water (and then Zorek some below), he (also) fulfills his obligation with the lower blood.

1. If Ein Bilah, perhaps all the lower blood was thrown above and all the upper blood was thrown below!

(j) Answer #1: The case is, the majority was upper blood, he threw above more than the amount of lower blood (so surely, some of it was upper blood).

1. Question: But it says that he fulfills his obligation with the lower blood (perhaps all the lower blood was thrown above)!
2. Answer: This means, he fulfills his obligation to put Shirayim of the upper blood on the Yesod (he puts more than the amount of lower blood, surely, some is upper blood).

(k) Question #2 (continuation of Beraisa - R. Eliezer): If the Kohen (without asking) was Zorek some of the blood below, he should Zorek some above (and then some below), he fulfills his obligation with the lower blood.

1. (If Ein Bilah, perhaps all the lower blood was thrown above!)

(l) Answer #1: Here also, the majority was upper blood, he threw above more than the amount of lower blood.

1. Question: But it says that he fulfills his obligation with the lower blood!
2. Answer: This refers to his obligation to put Shirayim on the Yesod.

(m) Question #3 (continuation of Beraisa): If the Kohen (without asking) was Zorek some of the blood above, all agree that he should Zorek below, he fulfills his obligation with both bloods.
(n) Answer #1: Here also, the majority was upper blood, he threw above more than the amount of lower blood.

1. Question: But it says that he fulfills his obligation with both bloods!
2. Answer: (Indeed, the Beraisa says that all agree that he should Zorek below, but) it does not say that all agree that he fulfills his obligation with both bloods;

i. This last clause is like Chachamim (but not R. Eliezer), who say that Yeish Bilah.

(o) Question #4 (Mishnah): If blood that requires one Matanah was mixed with blood that requires one Matanah; we do one Matanah (Rashi; Tosfos - for each).

1. If Ein Bilah, why is this enough - perhaps all the blood is from one of them! (Tosfos - the Kohen will not throw all the blood.)

(p) Answer #1: It means, *the Shi'ur for* one Matanah was mixed with the Shi'ur for one Matanah (Rashi - and one Matanah is thrown *on behalf of each Korban*; Tosfos - therefore, he will throw all the blood.)

1. We similarly explain the next case of that Mishnah, if (the Shi'ur for) four Matanos was mixed with (the Shi'ur for) four Matanos.