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ANSWERS TO REVIEW QUESTIONS

prepared by Rabbi Eliezer Chrysler
Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Jerusalem

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Yevamos 89

YEVAMOS 86-90 - Ari Kornfeld has generously sponsored the Dafyomi publications for these Dafim for the benefit of Klal Yisrael.

Questions

1)

(a) The woman whose husband returns does not receive her Kesubah - because the very reason that Chazal instituted a Kesubah in the first place, was in order to make it more difficult for a man to divorce his wife (seeing as min ha'Torah, a man may divorce his wife for no particular reason). And here we actually want him to divorce her.

(b) Neither does she receive Peiros, Mezonos and B'la'os - because 'T'nai Kesubah ki'Kesubah Dami'.

(c) An Almanah le'Kohen Gadol or a Gerushah le'Kohen Hedyot may reclaim the Peiros that her husband ate, even though she does not receive her Kesubah (which explains why the Tana needs to mention that, in our case, she may not).

(d) And the Tana finds it necessary to inform us that if she did receive any of these from either man, she must return them - because we may have thought that (seeing as originally, she *was* entitled to a Kesubah), having claimed it, she may keep it (because the decree is only Lechatchilah, but not Bedieved).

2)
(a) The Mishnah in Terumos states 'Ein Tormin min ha'Tahor al ha'Tamei; ve'Im Taram ... be'Meizid Lo Asah ve'Lo K'lum' - (mi'de'Rabbanan) because it causes the Kohen a loss (since he can only burn it [as fuel], but not eat it).

(b) According to Rav Chisda, the Seifa of the Mishnah must be taken literally; according to Rav Nasan bar Oshaya - it means that he has not rectified the remainder of the crops, but what he gave is nevertheless Terumah.

(c) Rav Chisda does not want to learn like Rav Nasan bar Oshaya - because of the fear that, if it would be Terumah, then the owner might not bother to fulfill his obligation of taking Terumah again.

3)
(a) We reconcile the other Mishnah in Terumos 'ha'Torem Kishos ve'Nimtza Marah ... Terumah ve'Yachzor ve'Yitrom' ...
1. ... with the previous Halachah - by pointing out that (based on the fact that the word 've'Nimtza'as' implies Shogeg) the Tana there is speaking about Shogeg, whereas the previous Halachah is Meizid - so there is nothing to ask.
2. ... with the Reisha of this Mishnah 've'Im Taram be'Shogeg, Terumaso Terumah' (seeing as both are be'Shogeg) - by explaining that whereas the Shogeg of this Mishnah is absolute, the Shogeg in the other Mishnah is close to Meizid (because he should have tasted some of the cucumbers (or the watermelon) before designating Terumah from the batch (so we penalize him by making him give again).
(b) And in the previous Halachah, the Tana ruled 'be'Meizid Lo Asah ve'Lo K'lum' (literally, according to Rav Chisda) - because, had Chazal said 'Terumah, ve'Yachzor ve'Yitrom' (which, Rav Chisda agrees, is what they really ought to have said), the owner would *not have taken their ruling seriously* (and would not bother to take again), seeing as all the crops were in *one* receptacle; whereas in the Mishnah in D'mai 'ha'Torem me'she'Ein Nakuv al Nakuv Terumah, ve'Yachzor ve'Yitrom', where the crops in question were from two receptacles, he *does*.
89b---------------------------------------89b

Questions

4)

(a) According to Rav Nasan bar Oshaya, the reason that the Tana rules 'Lo Asah ve'Lo K'lum', le'Saken ha'Shirayim, Aval Terumah Havi', is - because min ha'Torah, the Terumah *is valid*, as we shall soon see; whereas in the case of the Mishnah in D'mai 'min ha'Nakuv al she'Ein Nakuv, Terumaso Terumah, ve'Lo Sei'achel ad she'Yotzi Alei Terumah mi'Makom Acher', it is *not*.

(b) Despite the fact that, min ha'Torah, what he gave is not Terumah at all, the Mishnah nevertheless says 'min she'Ein Nakuv al ha'Nakuv, Terumah ... ' - because what harm is there if the Kohen eats crops from an Atzitz she'Ein Nakuv as Terumah (seeing as min ha'Torah, it is neither Tevel nor Terumah)?

(c) Rebbi Ilai learns from the Pasuk in Korach "ve'Lo Sis'u Alav Chet ba'Harimchem es Chelbo Mimenu" - that if someone separates from inferior produce (incorporating from Tamei on to Tahor), the Terumah is valid (min ha'Torah), because, if it were not, what sin would he have transgressed (since he will simply be obligated to give again).

5)
(a) When Rabah asked Rav Chisda how he could possibly declare the first Terumah not valid, seeing as min ha'Torah, it is (as we just saw from Rebbi Ilai) - he replied in surprise, 'Why not'? Did we not learn in our Mishnah that Beis-Din declared any child that she subsequently bears from her husband a Mamzer, permitting him to marry a Mamzeres (when, according to Torah law, he is certainly not a Mamzer, and therefore forbidden to do so)?

(b) Rabah refutes Rav Chisda's reply by quoting Shmuel and Ravin Amar Rebbi Yochanan - who say that the child is only a Mamzer inasmuch as he is forbidden to marry a bas Yisrael, but not to permit him to marry a Mamzeres.

6)
(a) The Tana'im argue over the time from when a man 1. inherits his wife who is a Ketanah (if she dies); 2. is permitted to bury her and 3. feeds her Terumah (whilst she is alive). We are talking about a Ketanah whose mother or brother married her off, and whose marriage is therefore only mi'de'Rabbanan.

(b) Chazal instituted this type of marriage, even though min ha'Torah, only a father may marry off his daughter - in order to protect her, to prevent her from becoming abused by undesirable elements.

(c) Beis Shamai say 'mi'she'Ta'amod be'Komasah' - meaning from when she becomes a Gedolah (in age and with the appropriate signs).

(d) According to Beis Hillel, he inherits her from the moment that she enters the Chupah. Rebbi Eliezer says - from the time that her husband is Bo'eil her.

7)
(a) The problem with Beis Shamai in the previous question (who say 'mi'she'Ta'amod be'Komasah') - is that this implies even before they are married. But how can that be, when even a *Gedolah* who is betrothed but not married, does not receive a Kesubah (as we learned above on 29b.)?

(b) So we establish Beis Shamai when she came of age, but also entered the Chupah (whereas according to Beis Hillel, she receives her Kesubah from the time she enters the Chupah, even if she is still a Ketanah).

(c) And we resolve Rebbi Eliezer, who says that after Bi'ah, her husband inherits her, with his own statement in Perek Beis Shamai 'Ein Ma'aseh Ketanah K'lum' - by adding to his words '*after she comes of age* and makes Bi'ah with her'.

8)
(a) Normally - it is *the father* who inherits a Ketanah when she dies.

(b) When Rav Chisda asked Rabah from this Mishnah, where according to Beis Hillel, it is *her husband* who inherits her - he replied with the principle 'Hefker Beis-Din Hefker'.

(c) Rav Yitzchak learns from the Pasuk "Kol Asher Lo Yavo li'Sh'loshes ha'Yamim ba'Atzas ha'Sarim ve'ha'Zekeinim Yocharam Kol Rechusho ... " - the principle of 'Hefker Beis-Din Hefker', which only applies to monetary issues.

(d) Rebbi Elazar learns 'Hefker Beis-Din Hefker' from the Pasuk in Yehoshua "Eileh ha'Nachalos Asher Nachalu *Elazar ha'Kohen vi'Yehoshua ben Nun ve'Rashei ha'Avos* le'Matos B'nei Yisrael" - by making use of the Torah's comparison of the leaders of the community to the fathers, to teach us that just as fathers are empowered to inherit to their children whatever they wish, so too, are the heads.

9)
(a) Rabah explains that, in spite of the fact that min ha'Torah, it is her father who is obligated to bury her, in this case, the Ketanah's husband does so (even if he is a Kohen) - because of the Beraisa, which explains that whenever there is nobody on hand to bury a dead person, he has the Din of a Meis Mitzvah. And here too, seeing as her father does not inherit her, he will not take the trouble of burying her either.

(b) And since even a Gedolah is not permitted to eat Terumah d'Oraysa after becoming betrothed to a Kohen (as we learned above in Arba'ah Achin) - he establishes the Beraisa, which permits this Ketanah to eat Terumah, by Terumah de'Rabbanan.

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