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1) [line 22] AMBUHA D'SAFREI - (a) throngs of men and women found in the alleyways that lead to the homes of the teachers (because they bring their children there to learn) (RASHI); (b) an instrument that a scribe uses to make sure that he cuts his parchment evenly (RASHI quoted in an early manuscript -- Dikdukei Sofrim #6)

2) [line 25] SHE'MA'ARICHIN BI'TEKI'OS - that the *length* of the Teki'os of the Kohanim is extended. (The RASHASH emends the end of Rashi DH Amar Ravina such that it reads "*v'Gomrim* ha'Shir", instead of "*v'Omrim* ha'Shir." The song of the Leviyim, along with the Teki'os, extended through the Nesachim of the two Korbenos Musaf.)

3) [line 26] SHE'MARBEH B'TOKIN - that the *number* of Chatzotzeros blown is increased
4) [last line] D'MEDALGEI DELUGEI - (lit. [the practice of] jumping) Ameimar instituted a system through which neither "ba'Yom ha'Sheni" nor "ba'Yom ha'Shevi'i" is deleted. On the first two days of Sukos, the Maftir and the Musaf prayer contain the verses of ba'Yom ha'Rishon, so that the people do not treat Yom Tov Sheni lightly. On the next day (the first day of Chol ha'Mo'ed in Chutz la'Aretz), ba'Yom ha'Sheni is mentioned along with ba'Yom ha'Shelishi in the Musaf prayer and in the fourth (the main) Aliyah to the Torah, since this day must be one of these two days. On the next day, we "jump back" and repeat ba'Yom ha'Shelishi along with ba'Yom ha'Revi'i. This system continues until Hoshana Rabah, when ba'Yom ha'Shishi and ba'Yom ha'Shevi'i are recited. On Shemini Atzeres, ba'Yom ha'Shevi'i is not recited, again so as not to detract from the sanctity of Yom Tov (RASHI - see Insights)

5) [line 3] MISHMAROS
(a) The Kohanim were divided into 24 shifts according to their families (Mishmaros), each of which served in the Mikdash for two weeks out of a year. The Mishmaros changed on Shabbos, when the outgoing Mishmar did the Avodah in the morning and the incoming Mishmar did the Avodah in the afternoon. Every Mishmar was further divided into six Batei Avos, with the Kohanim of each Beis Av serving on a different day of the week. On Shabbos, all the Batei Avos of the Mishmar did the Avodah together (see also Insights to Shekalim 18:1).
(b) On the Shalosh Regalim (the holidays of Pesach, Shavu'os and Sukos) all of the Mishmaros Kehunah came to Yerushalayim to fulfill the Mitzvah of Aliyah l'Regel. At those times, Kohanim from any Mishmar were permitted to do the Avodah of the Regel.

6) [line 12] PAYIS
On Shemini Atzeres, a *lottery* was cast to determine who would offer the 10 animals (one ox, one ram, one he-goat and seven sheep) of the Korban Musaf.

7) [line 15] BA'TECHILAH MEFISIN ALAV - a lottery was cast among all of the Mishmaros to determine who would offer it (not taking into account the rotation of the previous seven days)

8) [line 16] D'LO SHILSHU B'FARIM - that did not offer bulls of the Korbenos Musaf of Sukos three times

9) [line 17] AFUSEI - to cast a lottery
10) [line 20] CHOZRIN CHALILAH - they return to the beginning of the Mishmaros to continue the rotation

11) [line 26] EIMUREI HA'REGALIM - [the portions given to the Kohanim from] the Korbanos that the Torah states to bring on the festivals

*12*) [line 26] UV'CHILUK LECHEM HA'PANIM - (Although the Lechem ha'Panim was not one of the Korbanos of the Regel, the Gemara derives from a verse that it, too, was split among all of the Mishmaros during the Regel.)

13) [line 28] NEDARIM U'NEDAVOS
(a) A person may offer a Korban in the Beis ha'Mikdash as a voluntary sacrifice, as it states in Vayikra 1:2. Voluntary Korbanos may be Olos (which are burned entirely on the Mizbe'ach, see Vayikra 1:2-17, 6:1-6), Shelamim (parts of which are eaten, see Vayikra 3:1-17, 7:11-21, 7:28-37) or Menachos (flour offerings, see Vayikra 2:1-13, 6:7-11, 7:9-10).
(b) When a person states, "I pledge an Olah," without singling out a specific animal, his pledge is called a Neder. When he sets aside an animal with which to fulfill his pledge, and the animal gets lost or dies, he must bring another in its place. If he states, "*This* animal is an Olah," his pledge is called a Nedavah. If the animal gets lost or dies, he has no obligation to bring another in its place.

14) [line 30] "[V'CHI YAVO HA'LEVI ME'ACHAD SHE'ARECHA MI'KOL YISRAEL ASHER HU GAR SHAM]; U'VA B'CHOL AVAS NAFSHO [EL HA'MAKOM ASHER YIVCHAR HASH-M]. V'SHERES [B'SHEM HASH-M ELOKAV; K'CHOL ECHAV HA'LEVIYIM HA'OMDIM SHAM LIFNEI HASH-M]" - "[When the Levi will come from one of your cities, from all of Yisrael, where he lives,] and he comes with all the desire of his soul [to the place that HaSh-m will choose.] Then he shall minister [in the name of HaSh-m, his Lord; like all of his brethren, the Leviyim, who stand there before HaSh-m.]" (Devarim 18:6-7) - These are two of the verses of the Torah in which the Kohanim are called Leviyim.

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