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Sukah 40
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SUKA 36-56 (End of Maseches) have been dedicated by the wife and daughters
of the late Dr. Simcha Bekelnitzky (Simcha Gedalya ben Shraga Feibush) of
Queens N.Y. Well known in the community for his Chesed and Tzedakah, he will
long be remembered.
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1) [line 6] USHA - a city in the Galil, which was one of the ten places to
which the Sanhedrin was exiled
2) [line 15] SHE'GAVEVAN L'CHUVAH - that a person gathered and placed in
storage (based on Bava Kama 101b)
3) [line 19] MI SHE'HANA'ASO U'VIURO SHAVAH - an item from which one derives
benefit at the time that it is being consumed
4) [line 21] ETZIM D'MISHCHAN - wood of the pine-tree (that is lit as a
torch)
5) [line 22] L'HASAKAH - for cooking and baking
6) [line 24] MISHRAH - soaking flax
7) [line 24] KEVUSAH - washing clothes
8) [line 32] MELUGMAH - a cure
40b---------------------------------------40b
9) [line 4] L'ZILUF - for sprinkling on the ground (which gives the house a
pleasant fragrance)
10) [line 5] APIK'TVI'ZIN - [taking a tonic to induce] vomiting (this word
is a combination of the words APIK [=exuding] TVEI [=abundance] ZIN [=food])
11) [line 17] AVAKAH SHEL SHEVI'IS
(a) The Torah requires that farmers desist from working the land every
seventh year, as described in Vayikra 25:1-7. The fruits that grow during
the seventh (Shevi'is) year are holy to the extent that 1. they must be
considered ownerless; anyone may come into any field and pick the fruit that
he intends to eat. 2. The fruits may not be bought and sold in a normal
fashion (see Insights to Sukah 39:2). 3. The Torah requires that the fruits
of Shevi'is be used only for eating or drinking (in the normal manner of
eating for that type of fruit) or for burning to provide light (in the case
of oil). They may not be wasted or used for medicinal purposes or animal
fodder, etc.
(b) In addition, when each type of produce is no longer available in the
fields, there is an obligation to perform Bi'ur on it and on all of the
items for which it was exchanged (Pesachim 52a). The Rishonim argue with
regard to the definition of Bi'ur.
1. The Ramban (to Vayikra 25:7) writes that one is obligated to remove the
items from his house and *declare them Hefker (ownerless)* such that they
may be taken by any passerby. (One may later reacquire ownership of the
produce.) If Bi'ur was not done at the right time, the produce becomes Asur
b'Hana'ah mid'Rabanan.
2. According to the Rambam (Hilchos Shemitah 7:3), Bi'ur means to destroy
the produce completely. At the time that it is no longer available in the
fields, eating it becomes prohibited.
3. The Ra'avad (ibid.) rules that there are two types of Bi'ur. At the time
that an item of produce becomes unavailable in the fields *in a certain
place*, one must declare it Hefker (like the opinion of the Ramban). At the
time that it becomes unavailable *in all of Eretz Yisrael*, one must destroy
the produce completely (like the opinion of the Rambam).
(c) Avkah Shel Shevi'is refers to the less severe prohibitions associated
with Shevi'is, such as buying or selling produce of Shevi'is. The Torah
writes that the produce of Shevi'is is ours to be eaten (Vayikra 25:6).
Chazal infer from this, "To be eaten, but not to be traded" (see a:1 above).
This prohibition is referred to as "Avkah Shel Shevi'is," even though it is
forbidden mid'Oraisa, since the main prohibitions of Shevi'is involve
actually working the ground Tosfos (Erchin 30b DH Kamah).
*12*) [line 23] MAH KODESH TOFES ES DAMAV - (This is the same type of
Derasha that Rebbi Yochanan makes from this verse, however Rebbi Elazar
learns from a the other verse that the rule of "Tofes Damav" is limited to
Derech Mekach.)
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