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1) [line 2] NEKEV MEFULASH - (a) a hole that extends from one side of the Esrog to the other (RASHI, BEHAG, RIF, RA'AVAD); (b) a hole that pierces the peel of the Esrog and reaches the seed chambers (YERUSHALMI cited by the ROSH, RI, RAN)

2) [line 3] BEK'ISAR - the area of an Isar, a Roman coin which is the equivalent of 1/24 of a Dinar. Its area was approximately 4.1 sq. cm or 0.64 sq. in.

3) [line 7] SHE'NISHPECHAH K'KITON - [the meat of which has decayed and dissolved within its outer skin and] can be poured [from one end of the lung to the other] like a flask of water

4) [line 8] SIMPONAHA - its bronchial tubes and bronchioles
5) [line 10] D'LO SHALIT BAH AVIRA - air does not come in contact with the meat of the lung [when the bronchial tubes are intact]

6) [line 11] SERUCHEI MASRACHAS - it rots
7) [line 12] ESROG TAFU'ACH - a swollen Esrog
8) [line 12] KAVUSH - pickled, preserved in vinegar or mustard
9) [line 13] SHALUK - thoroughly cooked
10) [line 13] KUSHI - (a) from the land of Kush, where the Esrogim are normally dark (RASHI); (b) very dark green (RIF, RAMBAM) (see Insights)

11) [line 14] HA'TEYOM - a double, twin Esrog
12) [line 14] HA'BOSER - (a) an unripe Esrog that is the size of a white bean (RASHI); (b) any Esrog that is not fully grown (TOSFOS 31b DH Shi'ur Esrog Katan)

13) [line 15] GADLO B'DEFUS - if a person grew an Esrog in a mold
14) [line 21] DOMEH L'KUSHI - (a) a mutant Esrog, that looks like an Esrog ha'Kushi (RASHI); (b) very black, like the skin of a native African (RIF, RAMBAM) (see Insights)

15) [line 23] HA LAN V'HA LEHU - this [Halachah, that the Esrog ha'Kushi is kosher] applies to us [in Bavel, which is situated near Kush (probably the area of Hindakush, near India), who are used to seeing Esrogim that come from Kush]; that [Halachah, that the Esrog ha'Kushi is Pasul] applies to them [in Eretz Yisrael, who have no experience with Esrogim from Kush]

16) [line 1] V'SU LO MIDI - there is nothing more to be said; Rebbi Akiva and Rebbi Shimon definitely differ

17) [line 4] D'AVIDA DAPEI DAPEI - it is formed in the shape of projecting planks like a water mill (similar to the star fruit)

18) [line 14] AVANIM MEKURZALOS - (a) (O.F. becudes) stones that have a sharp side (RASHI here) or a pointed end (RASHI Shabbos 81a); (b) stones fashioned such that they do not have any sharp points (ARUCH, first explanation); (c) soft stones (TOSFOS, ARUCH, third explanation)

19) [line 23] MESHICHAH - (O.F. linoel) linen thread, string
20) [line 25] GINOMIYOS - gold bands or threads [that are wrapped around the Lulav]
21) [line 27] SIV - the fibrous substance just under the surface of the date palm
22) [line 27] IKARA D'DIKLA - [strips of wood made from] the bark at the base of the date palm

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