REVIEW QUESTIONS ON GEMARA AND RASHI
prepared by Rabbi Eliezer Chrysler
Kollel Iyun Hadaf, Jerusalem
Introduction to Rosh Hashanah
Rosh Hashanah 2
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ROSH HASHANAH 2-10 have been sponsored by a generous grant from the Darchey
Noam Foundation.
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Note: These review questions and answers are confined to Rashi's explanation
(exclusively), except where otherwise indicated. For the same reason, they
are not necessarily Halachah le'Ma'aseh.
1)
(a) For which two things is the first of Nisan Rosh Hashanah?
(b) Why did Chazal institute the insertion of the year of the king's reign
in documents?
(c) According to the Tana Kama - the first of Elul is Rosh Hashanah for
Ma'aser Beheimah.
From where do we learn that one cannot Ma'aser the
animals born in one year, together with those that are born in the next?
(d) What do Rebbi Elazar and Rebbi Shimon hold?
2)
(a) What does the Tana mean when he says that the first of Tishri is Rosh
Hashanah for ...
- ... Shemitin and Yovlos?
- ... planting?
- ... vegetables?
(b) Beis Shamai gives the date for the Rosh Hashanah for trees as the first
of Shevat.
What do Beis Hillel say?
(c) What are the ramifications of this Halachah?
3)
(a) The Mishnah in Shevi'is says 'Sh'tarei Chov ha'Mukdamin, Pesulin;
ve'ha'Me'ucharin, Kesheirin'.
What are ...
- ... 'Sh'tarei Chov ha'Mukdamin'?
- ... 'Sh'tarei Chov ha'Me'ucharin'?
(b) Why are pre-dated documents, Pasul?
(c) To what extent is the document invalid? Does this mean that the document
is totally ineffective? May he claim from Meshubadim from the date when the
loan actually took place?
(d) In view of this Mishnah, what did Chazal achieve by fixing the Rosh
Hashanah for kings as the first of Nisan?
4)
(a) What Chidush (besides that the first of Nisan is the Rosh Hashanah for
kings) is the Tana of the Beraisa telling us, when he says that if a king
was crowned on the twenty-ninth of Adar, his second year begins on the first
of Nisan?
(b) And what Chidush is he telling us when he then says that if he was
crowned on the first of Nisan, his second year only begins on the following
Nisan?
Answers to questions
2b---------------------------------------2b
5)
(a) In another Beraisa, we learn that if the king died in *Adar* and his
successor was appointed in his place in *Adar*, that year counts as both the
last year of the first king and the first year of the second one.
Does
this mean that one needs to insert both kings into the document?
(b) Then what is the Chidush there?
(c) And what is the Tana teaching us when he says ...
1. ... that the same will apply if the first king died in *Nisan*, and they
appointed his successor in *Nisan*?
2. ... that if the first king died in *Adar* and they appointed his
successor only in *Nisan*, then they reckon the first year after the *first*
king and the second year after the *second*?
6)
(a) The Navi writes in Melachim "Vayehi bi'Shemonim ve'Arba Me'os Shanah ...
ba'Shanah ha'Revi'is be'Chodesh Ziv, Hu ha'Chodesh ha'Sheini la'Melech
Shlomoh ... ".
Which month is meant by "Chodesh Ziv"?
(b) What does Rebbi Yochanan learn from ...
1. ... the Hekesh of the latter part of the Pasuk to the first half?
2. ... the fact that the Torah dates Aharon's death as having taken place in
the *fifth* month of the fortieth year, and Moshe's parting speech, in the
*eleventh*?
(c) How do we know that the Pasuk dealing with Moshe's parting speech is
referring to the fortieth year after *they left Egypt*? Perhaps it is
referring to the fortieth year after the *construction of the Mishkan*
(which took place one year later)?
(d) How do we know that the Pasuk dealing with Aharon's death came *before*
the Pasuk dealing with Moshe's final speech, and not *afterwards*?
Answers to questions
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