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1) DANGERS ASSOCIATED WITH FOOD AND DRINK

(a) A Ruach Ra'ah descends on (even sealed) edibles under a bed.
(b) It is forbidden and dangerous to drink water on the nights of the fourth day and Shabbos, owing to Ruach Ra'ah.

1. Question: What can a thirsty person do?
2. Answer: He should first recite the seven Kolos which appear in Tehilim 29 over water.
3. If he is unable to do so, he must recite the formula.
4. If not, he should notify a friend of his need to drink.
5. If unavailable, he should bang the lid against the pitcher.
6. If not, he should throw something into the water before drinking.

(c) There is a danger of blindness to drink from rivers and pools at night.

1. If he is thirsty, he should notify his friend as above.
2. If not, he should recite a formula, reducing the Shed's name.

(a) Question: This is obvious?
(b) Answer: It is needed to not apply the opinion of R. Akiva here.

1. He taught that one should make his Shabbos as a weekday and not depend on others.
2. In this case, the proclamation of the miracle overrides.
3. R. Akiva meant that a poor person must still do *something* to mark Shabbos, even if it only means a piece of fish in batter.
4. This is in keeping with R. Yehudah b. Teima who taught that one should push beyond his assumed limits to do G-d's Will.

(a) R. Akiva taught his son, R. Yehoshua, seven things.

1. Do not reside in the busy section of the city.
2. Do not reside in a city whose leaders are Torah Scholars.
3. Do not enter your home suddenly, unannounced, all the more so to your friend's house.
4. Do not walk barefoot.
5. Eat in the morning as protection against heat and cold.
6. Make your Shabbos as a weekday and do not depend on others.
7. Join a person whose mazel is shining on him.

(i) [R. Papa] This implies a partnership with him, not only buying from or selling to him.
(ii) [R. Shmuel b. Yitzhok] Merely having a coin from a successful person (Iyov) is sufficient for blessing.

(b) R. Akiva taught five things to R. Shimon b. Yochai when the former was imprisoned (after an exchange in which R. Shimon b. Yochai forced R. Akiva to teach him).

1. When you wish to hang, do so from a tall tree.
2. Teach your son from a corrected text.

(i) Question: What is this concern?
(ii) Answer: An error which seeps in, sticks.

3. Do not cook with a pot which your friend has cooked in.

(i) Question: What is this concern?
(ii) Do not marry a divorcee during her former husband's lifetime (as was taught that four "thoughts" enter when two divorced people wed).
(iii) Others apply this even to a widow, since the new husband may not compare favorably with the first.

4. A great and profitable Mitzvah is to lend fruits with a field as collateral and deduct the loan from the produce you eat from the field.

5. A Mitzvah with a pure body is getting married when one has children.

(a) Rebbi taught his sons four things:

1. Do not dwell in a city of scoffers as they will draw you in.
2. Do not sit on the bed of an Aramean woman.

(i) This may mean not to go to sleep without Shema.
(ii) It may mean not to marry a convert.
(iii) It may be literal, on account of the incident of R. Papa.

3. Do not seek to evade the tax, lest they take everything.
4. Do not stand before an ox when it emerges from a meadow.

(i) Owing to the Satan dancing between its horns.
(ii) This speaks of a black ox during Nisan.

(a) Stay 50 Amos away from a Tam ox, and out of sight from a Mu'ad.
(b) Even if the ox is feeding, flee.
(c) The formulae for dealing with an ox, a lion, a camel and a ship.

(a) Six factors are listed and explained.

(a) [R. Papa] A home which has a cat should not be entered without shoes (as explained).
(b) [Others] A home which does not have a cat should not be entered in the dark (as explained).

(a) R. Yishmael instructed Rebbi three things:

1. Do not cause a blemish in yourself (i.e. do not get entangled with three people, who could turn on you in court).
2. Do not stand by the goods if you do not have the wherewithal to make your purchase.
3. Do not be together with your wife on the first night (when she has been Muchzak Nidah d'Oreisa - Rav).

(a) Not to go out alone at night.
(b) Not to stand naked before a candle.
(c) Not to enter into a new bath (12 months).

1. The Bereisa provides support for (b) (Nichpeh) and;
2. Not to have relations by the light of a candle (Nichpin).

(a) It is dangerous for the infant to be on the bed (Nichpeh).
(b) There are several qualifications listed:

1. It is not dangerous if the child is over one year.
2. Nor if the child's head is near their head.
3. Nor if a hand is upon the child.

(a) One must not go out on the nights of Shabbos and the fourth day.
(b) This is owing to the Shed and 180,000 destructive Malachim.
(c) The Shed would be out every night but for the intervention of R. Chanina b. Dosa (who allowed these two nights).
(d) Abaye also encountered the Shed and restricted her still further.