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1) A NEDER TO DO A MITZVAH

(a) (R. Gidal citing Rav) We learn from a verse that one can take a vow to perform a mitzvah.

1. Even though one is already under oath from Sinai, one may do it to give an added impetus.

(b) (R. Gidal citing Rav) One can take a vow to learn a specific tractate.

1. Question: One is already under oath from Sinai!?

i. One cannot answer that it is to give an impetus, as that has already been said!

2. Answer: The oath from Sinai can be fulfilled with Shema.

(c) (R. Gidal citing Rav) If a person vows to his friend that they will arise early to study, he must arise first, as we find with Hashem.

(a) (R. Yosef) If someone was excommunicated in a dream, it requires ten people to release him.

1. These ten must have taught law rather than just having studied it.
2. Failing that, it can be ten people who have studied it.
3. Failing that, he should sit in the street until he finds ten people who have received the tradition of laws.

(b) Question (Ravina): If he knows the person who appeared in the dream, can that person release him?
(c) Answer (Rav Ashi): That person is only a messenger from Heaven to excommunicate him, not to release him.
(d) Question (Rav Acha): If the same person excommunicated him and released him in the dream, what is the rule?
(e) Answer (Rav Ashi): All dreams contain some nonsense (and the release may be the nonsensical part).

(f) Ravina asked Rav Ashi if he could be the intermediary for his wife's regret over her Neder.
(g) (Rav Ashi) Only if he finds people ready to release it.

1. We see from here that a husband can be the intermediary for his wife's regret.
2. We also see that one cannot release a Neder in one's teacher's town.
3. We also see that there must be people readily available in order to release it.

(h) One can release a Shamta even in one's teacher's town.
(i) An individual who is expert can release a Shamta.

(a) The verse about a healing sun shining for those who fear Hashem's Name refers to those who do not use it in vain.
(b) (Abayey) We also see that sunlight has healing powers.
(c) This is in contrast to Resh Lakish, who says that at the end of days, Hashem uncovers the sun; it destroys the wicked, and gives pleasure to the righteous.