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Nedarim 72
1) [line 12] NASIV SEIFA MISHUM REISHA - the [wording of the] Seifa (the
second part of the Beraisa) follows the [wording of the] Reisha (the first
part of the Beraisa) [and the Halachah with regard to Geirushin is omitted]
2) [last line] EIN HA'BA'AL MEIFER B'KODMIN
(a) A man has the right to annul certain vows of his wife and his daughter,
as the Torah states in Bamidbar 30:6, 9, 13-14. He accomplishes this if on
the day that he hears the vow he states "Mufar Lach" ("it is annulled").
There is an argument among the Tana'im whether the vow must be annulled
before nightfall on the day the husband/father heard it, or before 24 hours
pass from when he heard it (Shabbos 157a). If he does not annul the vow by
the end of the day, or if he is Mekayem (upholds) the vow even before the
day is over (by saying "the vow should remain valid!"), the vow takes effect
and his wife or daughter must abide by her vow.
(b) A father may annul the vows of his daughter while she is a minor or
Na'arah (when she grows two pubic hairs) until she becomes a Bogeres (six
months after she becomes a Na'arah). If the father marries her off when she
is a minor, during the period of Eirusin both the father *and* the future
husband must annul the vows in order for the annulment to take place. After
the period of Nisu'in, the husband may annul the vows and not the father.
Nobody may annul the vows of an unmarried *mature* woman; they need to be
revoked, as follows.
(c) When an adult makes a Neder (or designates Chalah, Terumah or Kodshim)
or Nezirus, he may have it revoked by a Beis Din of three (if they are not
outstanding authorities) or a Yachid Mumcheh (an outstanding authority). The
general method used is that Beis Din investigates whether the person would
not have made the Neder in the first place had he been aware of a particular
fact.
(d) Vows that a Na'arah made before her betrothal that her father never
heard are referred to as "Kodmin." Her fiance is permitted to annul these
vows, in conjunction with the annulment of the father. This is learned from
the words, "u'Nedareha Aleha" (Bamidbar 30:7). Her husband, however, is not
allowed to annul Kodmin. This is learned from the words, "v'Im Beis Ishah
Nadarah" (ibid. 30:11).
72b---------------------------------------72b
3) [line 15] LEHADURI - to repeat [his inquiry to ascertain that his
daughter is not bound by any Nedarim]
4) [line 17] L'CHI SHEMA'NA - [I want these Nedarim to be annulled
immediately] upon my hearing them
5) [line 21] V'LAMAH LI MIN HASHTA? - And why [does he have to annul the
future vows] now?
6) [line 22] L'CHI SHAMA LEIFER LAH! - when he hears them, let him annul
them!
7) [line 22] DILMA MATRIDNA HA'HI SHA'ATA - perhaps I will be too preocupied
at that time
8) [line 24] APOTROPOS - (O.F. seneschal) steward, manager of the household
(RASHI to Sukah 27a)
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