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1) [line 3] MI'CHELAL LAV ATAH SHOME'A HEN
(a) From a statement expressing a negative, the counter positive can be implied and vice versa. This is a Halachic concept included in the laws of Tena'im (stipulations). It also applies in other places where speech is needed, such as Nedarim.
(b) This principle is the subject of a Machlokes between Rebbi Meir and Rebbi Yehudah. Rebbi Meir rules that we cannot infer the counter expression from his statement, but rather, it must be explicitly articulated. The Gemara (Shevu'os 36a) discusses whether Rebbi Meir holds that the opposite cannot be inferred only in cases of Mamon or even in cases of Isur.

2) [line 18] ZIVCHEI SHELAMIM
(a) A person may offer a Korban in the Beis ha'Mikdash as a voluntary sacrifice, as it states in Vayikra 1:2. Voluntary Korbanos may be Olos (which are burned entirely on the Mizbe'ach, see Vayikra 1:2-17, 6:1-6), Shelamim (parts of which are eaten, see Vayikra 3:1-17, 7:11-21, 7:28-37) or Menachos (flour offerings, see Vayikra 2:1-13, 6:7-11, 7:9-10).
(b) Korbenos Shelamim that are offered by an individual may be brought from male or female sheep, cows or goats. They are Kodshim Kalim, and may therefore be slaughtered in the entire Azarah (and not only in its northern part). Before its slaughter, the owner presses his hands on the head of the animal (Semichah). The blood of the Shelamim is cast on the northeastern and southwestern corners of the Mizbe'ach (Shenayim she'Hen Arba). Nesachim (a meal offering consisting of flour and oil and a wine libation) are brought as part of the Korban (Bamidbar 15:3-12). The meal offering is completely burned on the Mizbe'ach and the wine is poured into one of the Sefalim (the silver libation pipes located at the top of the southwest corner of the Mizbe'ach) (RAMBAM and RA'AVAD Hilchos Ma'aseh ha'Korbanos 2:1). The amount of flour, oil and wine needed depends upon the animal offered, as specified in Bamidbar (ibid.).
(c) The Chazeh (breast) and Shok (thigh) of the Shelamim were given to the Kohen (Vayikra 7:34). Certain fats and other parts of the Korban were offered on the Mizbe'ach (Vayikra 3:3-4, 9-10, 14-15). The owner and his guests (men or women) eat the rest of the Korban inside the borders of the city of Yerushalayim. The meat may be cooked in any fashion and is eaten for two days and the intervening night.

3) [line 20] MACHIS - is lying [in front of him]
4a) [line 22] B'IKARO KA MATPIS - he "connects" [his meat] (through Hatfasah -- see Background to Nedarim 2:1a:c) to the original status [of the sacrifice, in which case his meat has the status of a Korban Shelamim before Zerikas ha'Dam, and is prohibited to him]
b) [line 22] B'HEITERA KA MATPIS - he "connects" [his meat] (through Hatfasah) to the present status [of the sacrifice, in which case his meat has the status of a Korban Shelamim after Zerikas ha'Dam, and is permitted to him]

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