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1) THE MAJORITY IS AS THE WHOLE

(a) (Beraisa): If (a Levi, leper or Nazir) shaved without a razor, or left 2 hairs, he did not fulfill the Mitzvah.
(b) (Rav Acha brei d'Rav Ika): From here we learn that the Torah considers the majority as the whole.
(c) Question: How do we see this?
(d) Answer: Since the Torah said by Nazir "He will shave it" (teaching that he must shave the entire head), we see that here, the whole is required; in all other places, the majority is as the whole.
(e) Objection (R. Yosi bar Chanina): This verse is written about a Nazir Tamei!

1. Objection to objection (sages of Eretz Yisrael): We learn that a Nazir Tamei must shave with a razor from a Nazir Tahor - likewise, we can learn from a Nazir Tamei, that a Nazir Tahor that left 2 hairs did not fulfill the Mitzvah!

(f) Question (Abaye): A Nazir shaved and left 2 hairs. His hair sprouted (grew to the size to bend a hair onto its root), and he shaved them (Rashi - and all his hair) - has he fulfill the Mitzvah?
(g) Question (Rava): A Nazir shaved and left 2 hairs; he shaved 1 of them, and the other fell out - what is the law?

1. Objection (Rav Acha from Difti): Is Rava asking the law of one who shaves 1 hair at a time (of course this is valid)!

(h) Correction: Rather, Rava asked if 1 of the 2 remaining hairs fell out, and he shaved the last hair - what is the law?
(i) Answer (Ravina): He did not fulfill the Mitzvah to shave; no hair remains.
(j) Objection: If there is no hair left, he fulfilled the Mitzvah!
(k) Correction: Rather, even though no hair remains, he did not fulfill the Mitzvah.

(a) (Mishnah): A Nazir may rub (shampoo) his hair, and may separate the hairs, but he may not comb his hair.
(b) (Gemara) Question: Which Tana permits rubbing and separating hairs?
(c) Answer: R. Shimon, who permits something which may result in a transgression if the person does not intend to transgress.
(d) Question: The end of the Mishnah forbids combing - this is as Chachamim!

1. Is the beginning of the Mishnah R. Shimon, and the end of the Mishnah Chachamim?!

(e) Answer (Rabah): The entire Mishnah is as R. Shimon; anyone who combs intends to uproot dangling strands.
(f) (Mishnah): R. Yishmael says, he may not shampoo with earth, since it causes hair to fall out.
(g) Question: Does the Mishnah read 'Because it makes hair fall out', or 'Because of that (earth) which makes hair fall out'?

1. The difference is, if one has earth which does not make hair fall out.

i. If the text is 'Because it makes hair fall out', if we know that this earth does not, it is permitted.
ii. If the text is 'Because of that which makes hair fall out', it is always forbidden.

(h) This question is unresolved.

(a) (Mishnah): A Nazir that drank wine all day is only liable for 1 set of lashes; if they warned him, 'Don't drink, don't drink' and he drank, he is liable for each warning;
(b) If he was shaving all day, he is only liable once; if they warned him, 'Don't shave, don't shave' and he shaved, he is liable for each warning.
(c) If he was becoming Tamei through a corpse all day, he is only liable once; if they warned him, 'Don't become Tamei, don't become Tamei' and he became Tamei, he is liable for each warning.

(d) (Gemara - Rabah citing Rav Huna): The Torah says "He will not become Tamei', and also 'He will not enter (a tent in which there is a corpse); it speaks in all situations - (even if he is already Tamei, he is liable for entering a tent with a corpse);

1. He is not lashed twice for becoming Tamei twice if the latter Tum'ah is not via a tent.

(e) Rav Yosef: I swear, Rav Huna said that even for touching twice, he is liable twice!

1. (Rav Huna): A Nazir was in a cemetery. They passed the corpse of his relative or any corpse to him, and he touched it - he is liable.
2. Even though he is already Tamei, we see that Rav Huna obligates him for touching Tum'ah.

(f) Question (Abaye - Beraisa): A Kohen was carrying a corpse. They passed the corpse of his relative or any corpse to him, and he touched it. One might have thought that he is liable - "He will not profane" (most change the text to "To profane himself"), the Torah does not speak of one who is already profaned (Tamei).
(g) Counter-question (Rav Yosef): This opposes our Mishnah!

1. (Mishnah): If he was becoming Tamei through a corpse all day, he is only liable once; if they warned him, 'Don't become Tamei, don't become Tamei' and he became Tamei, he is liable for each warning.
2. Even though he is already Tamei, he is liable for touching Tum'ah!
3. Since the Beraisa opposes the Mishnah, there must be a mistake in the text, so we discard the Beraisa (Tosfos; Rosh - Rav Yosef is asking rhetorically, how do we resolve this?)

(h) Answer (Abaye; according to the Rosh, Rav Yosef): In the Beraisa, the Tum'os are connected (he is still touching the 1st corpse when he touches the 2nd; in the Mishnah, he touches the 2nd after having let go of the 1st.
(i) Question: Is connected Tum'ah really mid'Oraisa?!

1. (R. Yitzchak bar Yosef): Connected Tum'ah was only said regarding Terumah and Kodshim; it was not said regarding a Nazir or one offering the Pesach sacrifice.
2. If it was a Torah law, it would apply in all cases!

(j) Answer: (If Reuven touches) a person who is touching a person touching a corpse, Reuven is Tamei for 7 days mid'Rabanan; (if Reuven touches) a person touching a corpse, he is Tamei for 7 days mid'Oraisa (Tosfos; Rashi - if Reuven touches a person that is no longer touching a corpse, Reuven is Tamei for 7 days mid'Rabanan; if Reuven touches a person touching a corpse, he is Tamei for 7 days mid'Oraisa).
(k) Question: We are saying that if while touching a corpse, he touches another corpse, he is not liable for the latter, because he is already Tamei.

1. The same applies if he enters a tent (containing a corpse) while he is Tamei (and Rabah said one is liable in this case)!

(l) Answer #1 (R. Yochanan): If the corpse is in a house, he becomes Tamei at the moment he enters, so he is liable for becoming Tamei and for entering;

1. If the corpse is in a field, he becomes Tamei when he touches it; even if he later enters a tent with a corpse, since he is already Tamei when he enters, he is exempt for entering.