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1) WHEN FOODS JOIN

(a) Question: R. Shimon does not hold that foods join (since he says that one is liable for eating any amount) - what does he learn from "All that comes from the grapevine"?
(b) Answer: This teaches that to become a Nazir, one must accept all the prohibitions.
(c) (R. Avahu citing R. Eliezer): Wherever the Torah made one liable for consuming a Revi'is, permitted food does not join to forbidden food, except by a Nazir, where the Torah said "Soaked" (other foods join to obligate him for consuming a Revi'is of wine).
(d) Question: What is the difference between R. Eliezer's teaching and R. Yochanan's (end of 35B - By all Torah prohibitions, permitted food does not join to forbidden food, except by Nazir, for the Torah said "Soaked")?
(e) Answer: R. Yochanan teaches that even solid foods combine; R. Eliezer teaches that we only join liquids.

(a) (R. Eliezer): The quantity of a Revi'is applies to 10 laws.

1. (Rav Kahana): 5 are by red liquids, 5 by white liquids.

(b) A way to remember the red liquids: 'A Nazir and one doing the Pesach that gave rulings in the Temple and died'.

1. A Nazir - he is liable for drinking a Revi'is of wine.
2. Pesach - (Rav Yehudah): (Each of) the 4 cups of wine must be at least a Revi'is.
3. That gave rulings - One that drank a Revi'is of wine may not give rulings.
4. In the Temple - One that drank a Revi'is of wine and entered the Temple is liable to death (at the hands of Heaven).
5. And died - (Beraisa): "On all souls of a corpse he will not come" - this teaches that a Revi'is of blood from 2 corpses imparts Tum'ah to the entire room.

(c) A way to remember the white liquids: 'The Chalah of a Nazir and a leper that became disqualified on Shabbos'.

1. Chalah - A Revi'is of oil is used in each Chalah of the Kohen Gadol's daily offering (Rashi; Tosfos - for the loaves and wafers in a thanksgiving sacrifice; another Revi'is is used for the fried flour offering).
2. Nazir - A Revi'is of oil is used for the loaves and wafers of a Nazir.
3. Leper - A bird is slaughtered and its blood is spilled into a Revi'is of water.
4. That became disqualified - One who drinks a Revi'is of (any combination of) Tamei liquids is disqualified from eating Terumah.
5. Shabbos - One who takes a Revi'is of liquids (other than those specified) or waste water from a private domain to a public domain is liable.

(d) Question: Are there really no others?

1. Question: One person may wash his hands from a Revi'is of water, even 2 people may!
2. Answer: R. Eliezer did not count laws on which Tana'im argued.
3. Question (Mishnah): An earthenware vessel was taken for a Sotah, and a half Log of water was put in it; R. Yehudah says, a Revi'is.
4. Answer: R. Eliezer did not count laws on which Tana'im argued.
5. Question (Mishnah): If one puts any amount of water into urine, one may pray near it; R. Zakai says, a Revi'is.
6. Answer: R. Eliezer did not count laws on which Tana'im argued.
7. Question: One may immerse vessels in a Mikvah that contains a Revi'is of water.
8. Answer: Chachamim abolished that law (and require 40 Se'in).

3) LIABILITY FOR WHAT COMES FROM THE VINE

(a) (Mishnah): One is only liable for eating an olive's worth of grapes ...
(b) The 1st Tana does not compare all prohibitions of a Nazir (eating) to drinking (for which one is liable for a Revi'is);

1. R. Akiva holds, since it says (after the prohibition of wine) "*And* wet or dry grapes he will not eat" - just as one is liable for eating an olive's worth, also for drinking an olive's worth.

(c) (Mishnah): One is liable for wine by itself ...
(d) (Beraisa): "And wet or dry grapes he will not eat" - this makes one liable for each prohibition by itself;
(e) From this we learn to all prohibitions in the Torah (Tosfos' text - all prohibitions of a Nazir), whenever there are 2 names for prohibitions within 1 species, one is liable for each.

1. This comes to include new wine and grapes.

(a) (Abaye): One receives 2 (sets of 39) lashes for eating grape pits; for grape skins, 2 (sets); for grape pits and skins, 3;
(b) (Rava): He is only lashed once (for each (pits and skins) - some texts include these words; most Rishonim learn this way even according to our text, e.g. the second Peirush of Rashi), but one does not receive lashes for general prohibitions (e.g. "All that is made from the grapevine").
(c) Question (Rav Papa, against Abaye - Beraisa): A Nazir that drank wine all day is only lashed once; if they warned him 'Don't drink, don't drink' and he drank, he is lashed once for each warning;
(d) If he ate wet and dry grapes, grape pits and skins, and squeezed a cluster of grapes and drank the juice, he is lashed 5 times.

1. According to Abaye, he should be also be lashed for "All that is made from the grapevine", 6 times in all!

(e) Answer (Abaye): The Tana did not list all the lashes he receives.
(f) Question: He would not omit just 1 thing - what other lashes did he omit?
(g) Answer: "He will not make his word profane". (Tosfos - this poses a question on Rava - according to Rava, what else was omitted?)
(h) Answer (Rava): "He will not make his word profane" is not an omission - the Tana only lists prohibitions special to Nazir.
(i) Question (Ravina from Parzika): The prohibition on the inside of the grapes (Rashi; Tosfos - small grapes that never ripen) was omitted!
(j) Retraction: The Beraisa does not really say that he is lashed 5 times.