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1) LANGUAGES OF ACCEPTING NEZIRUS

(a) (Mishnah): All Kinuyim (foreign names or nicknames) for Nezirus are as languages of Nezirus;
(b) One who says, 'I will be' - he is a Nazir; 'I will be beautiful' - he is a Nazir;
(c) 'Nazir, Nazik, Nazi'ach, or Pazi'ach' - he is a Nazir;
(d) 'I will curl my hair, I will Mekalkel, I will let my hair grow' - he is a Nazir;
(e) 'It is on me to bring birds' - R. Meir says, he is a Nazir; Chachamim say, he is not a Nazir.
(f) (Gemara) Question: Why is Nezirus taught in the order of the Mishnah dealing with women?
(g) Answer: Regarding laws of women, it says "...He saw in her marital infidelity" - wine caused her to sin!

1. Anyone who sees a Sotah in her disgrace should become a Nazir.

(h) Question: The Tana first mentions Kinuyim, then he explains Yados (incomplete languages)!
(i) Answer (Rava): The Mishnah is abbreviated - is should read thusly: 'All Kinuyim for Nezirus are as languages of Nezirus; Yados for Nezirus are as Nezirus; these are Yados - one who says, 'I will be' - he is a Nazir'.
(j) Question: Since the Mishnah mentioned Kinuyim before Yados, it should explain Kinuyim before Yados!
(k) Answer #1: The Tana first explains the last thing mentioned.

1. Example #1 (Mishnah): With what may we light (Shabbos lights), with what may we not light?

i. The Tana first explains with what we may not light.

2. Example #2 (Mishnah): In what may we wrap (food to keep it warm on Shabbos), with what may we not wrap?

i. The Tana first explains with what we may not wrap.

3. Example #3 (Mishnah): What may a woman wear in a public domain on Shabbos, what may she not wear?

i. The Tana first explains what she may not wear.

(l) Objection: But sometimes the Tana first explains what is permitted!

1. Example #1 (Mishnah): What may one leave on his animal when it goes in a public domain on Shabbos, what may he not leave on it?

i. The Tana first explains what one may leave on it.

2. Example #2 (Mishnah): Some (relatives) inherit and bequeath; some inherit and do not bequeath; some bequeath and do not inherit; some neither inherit nor bequeath.

i. The Tana first explains which inherit and bequeath.

(m) Answer: Sometimes the Tana starts by explaining the first thing mentioned, sometimes he starts with the last thing mentioned.

1. Regarding a prohibition on the person himself (lighting, wrapping, wearing), he first explains the prohibition; regarding his animal, the prohibition pertains to the animal, he first explains what is permitted.

2. Regarding inheritance, the primary case of inheritance is explained first.

(n) Objection: In our Mishnah, Kinuyim should be explained first!
(o) Answer #2 (To question j): Since the Tana learned Yados by expounding a verse, this is dearer to him.
(p) Question: If so, he should teach Yados before Kinuyim!
(q) Answer: The Tana first mentions the primary language; he starts by explaining Yados.

(a) (Mishnah): One who says 'I will be' - he is a Nazir.
(b) Question: Perhaps he meant, I will (be in a) fast!
(c) Answer (Shmuel): The case is, a Nazir passed in front of him when he said this.

1. Suggestion: Shmuel holds that an inconclusive Yad is invalid.
2. (Version #1 - the text Tosfos prefers) Confirmation: Correct! When a Nazir passed in front of him, we have no doubt what he meant (the Yad is conclusive); if a Nazir did not pass in front of him, perhaps he intended to fast.
3. (Version #2 - text of the Rosh, the text Tosfos rejects) Rejection: Really, Shmuel can hold that an inconclusive Yad is valid.

i. When a Nazir passed in front of him, he probably intended to be a Nazir - this is an inconclusive Yad;
ii. If a Nazir did not pass in front of him, it is just as likely that he intended to fast - this is not a Yad at all!

(d) Question: Perhaps he intended to bring the sacrifices for the Nazir (but not to be a Nazir himself)!
(e) Answer: The case is, he says that he intended to be a Nazir.
(f) Question: If so, obviously he is a Nazir!
(g) Answer: One might have thought, this is not considered that his intention agrees with what he said - we hear, this is not so.

(a) (Mishnah): 'I will be beautiful' - he is a Nazir.
(b) Question: Perhaps he intended to beautify himself in Mitzvos - a beautiful Sukah, Lulav, Tzitzis, a beautiful Sefer Torah wrapped in silk!
(c) Answer (Shmuel): He was holding his hair when he said this.
(d) Question: Nezirus is a sin - this is considered beautiful?! (Other texts - is Nazir such a matter that one calls beautiful?!