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1) [line 1] SE'OR - sourdough, a very heavily fermented dough that is mixed with fresh dough to cause it to rise

2) [line 1] BAL TAKTIRU
(a) It is prohibited by a Lav of the Torah to offer sourdough, or anything that contains sourdough, on the Mizbe'ach (Vayikra 2:11). (b) A person who offers sourdough on the Mizbe'ach receives Malkos, however, the Amora'im argue as to the extent of the prohibition (Pesachim 44a, Menachos 58b). According to Abaye, even offering the most miniscule amount of sourdough incurs Malkos. According to Rava, since "Ein Haktarah b'Pachos mik'Zayis," ("The burning of items on the Mizbe'ach is not considered a [valid] burning if they measure less than a k'Zayis") the sourdough must be the size of a k'Zayis in order for the transgressor to receive Malkos.

3) [line 7] MIKPAH - (a) a stiff porridge (TOSFOS, ROSH, RASHI to Pesachim 44a); (b) sauce (MEFARESH)

4) [line 7] SHUM - garlic

5) [line 8] TEVUL YOM
A Tevul Yom is a person or utensil that has been immersed in a Mikvah to become Tahor for Chulin, but is still waiting for nightfall to be completely Tahor with regard to Terumah. The level of Tum'ah of a Tevul Yom is minimal; he or it is considered only a Sheni l'Tum'ah and if he or it touches Terumah or Kodesh, the Terumah or Kodesh becomes Pasul and must be burned. Chulin that he or it touches do not become Teme'im. After the following nightfall, he or it becomes completely Tahor with regard to Terumah.

6) [line 11] MEKOM MAGA'O AMAI PASUL? - (a) Why is the individual garlic that he touched [which is less than the size of a Beitzah] Pasul? (MEFARESH, TOSFOS DH ha'Mikpeh); (b) According to the Girsa in Pesachim 44a, the following words are added *Ha Batlei Lehu Tavlin b'Rov* - Why is the place that he touched Pasul, since the spices of Terumah are nullified [mid'Oraisa] in the majority of Chulin (and are only forbidden mid'Rabanan)? [Rabba bar bar Chanah answers that is actually forbidden mid'Oraisa]

7) [line 2] K'ZAYIS BI'CHDEI ACHILAS PERAS
(a) The Torah specifies that a k'Zayis is the amount of food that constitutes a "Ma'aseh Achilah," the minimum Halachically-binding act of eating and digesting. A person who eats a k'Zayis of a food in order to fulfill a Mitzvah (such as Matzah), has fulfilled his requirement. Similarly, someone who eats a k'Zayis of a prohibited food (such as blood or Chelev), is punished for his act. In addition, the Rabanan specify that a child who eats a k'Zayis of grain products produces foul excrement near which Divrei Kedushah (blessings, prayers, etc.) may not be recited.
(b) The Torah also specifies the amount of time in which a k'Zayis must be eaten in order for the act to be considered a Ma'aseh Achilah. This amount of time, called a "Kedei Achilas Peras," is defined as the amount of time that it takes to eat three (according to Rebbi Yochanan ben Berokah) or four (according to Rebbi Shimon -- Eruvin 82b) Beitzim of bread with relish, while reclining. A person who eats a k'Zayis of Matzah in more than this amount of time has not fulfilled the Mitzvah, and a person who eats a k'Zayis of Isur in more than this amount of time is exempt from punishment. Similarly, a child who eats a k'Zayis of grain products in more than this amount of time does not produce foul excrement.

8) [line 5] KUTACH HA'BAVLI - a dip that is prepared by cooking whey with stale bread and salt

9) [line 6] D'LEIKA K'ZAYIS BI'CHEDEI ACHILAS PERAS - that is, it is not normally eaten in a fashion where one consumes a k'Zayis bi'Chedei Achilas Peras

10a) [line 7] IY D'KA SARIF LEI MISRAF - if he quaffed it (swallowed it, instead of dipping his bread into it)
b) [line 8] IY MISHTAR KA SHATAR - if he eats it by dipping his bread into it

11) [line 10] MEDUCHOS - mortars containing ground spices

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