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1) GIVING FOOD TO A WIFE WHOSE HUSBAND IS AWAY

(a) (Rav): We apportion food to a woman whose husband is away.
(b) (Shmuel): We do not apportion food to a woman whose husband is away.

1. Shmuel: Rav admits, we do not apportion food in the 1st 3 months, since a man does not leave his house empty.

(c) If we heard that the husband died, all agree that we apportion food. They argue when we did not hear that he died.

1. Rav says we apportion food, since he is obligated to feed his wife.
2. Question: Why does Shmuel say that we do not?
3. Answer #1 (Rav Zevid): We are concerned that he left money for her food.
4. Answer #2 (Rav Papa): We are concerned, perhaps she accepted to feed herself from her earnings.

i. One difference between these opinions is an adult wife whose earnings do not suffice to feed herself (Rav Zevid would say that we do not apportion anything to her);
ii. Another difference is a minor whose earnings suffice for her food (Rav Papa would say that we don't give her food).

(d) Question (Mishnah): A man went overseas, and his wife requests food. Chanan says, she only swears at the end; the sons of Kohanim Gedolim say that she also swears at the beginning.

1. They only argue regarding the oath - but both agree, she is fed!

(e) Answer (Shmuel): The case is, we heard that he died.
(f) Question (Beraisa): A man went overseas, and his wife requests food. The sons of Kohanim Gedolim say that she swears; Chanan says, she does not swear;

1. If he came and said that he left her money for food, he is believed.

(g) Answer (Shmuel): Here also, we heard that he died.
(h) Objection: Since it says, if he came ... - the case must be, he did not die!
(i) Answer: We heard that he died - this was a false report.
(j) Question (Beraisa): A man went overseas, and his wife requests food. If he comes, he may say that she should pay for her for food with her earnings;
(k) If Beis Din apportioned food for her, this stands.
(l) Answer (Shmuel): Here also, we heard that he died.
(m) Question (Beraisa): A man went overseas, and his wife requests food. Beis Din takes from his property to feed his wife, but not his sons and daughters, and not another matter.
(n) Answer #1 (Rav Sheshes): The case is, he appointed someone to feed his wife.

1. Question: If so, his children should also be fed!
2. Answer: He appointed someone to feed his wife, but not his children.
3. Objection: The Tana did not specify - why should we assume that this is the case?

(o) Answer #2 (Rav Papa): The case is, 1 witness said that he died.

1. Since she may get married based on 1 witness, she also receives food;
2. Since his children cannot receive his property based on 1 witness, they are not fed.

(p) Question: What is the 'other matter'?
(q) Answer #1 (Rav Chisda): Cosmetics.
(r) Answer #2 (Rav Yosef): Tzedakah.

1. Rav Chisda says that she does not receive money for cosmetics - all the more so, we do not give Tzedakah from his money!

2. Rav Yosef says that we do not give Tzedakah from his money, but we do give her money for cosmetics, since he does not want his wife to become repulsive.

(a) Question (Mishnah): The 1st 3 months after a woman falls to Yibum, she is fed from her husband; after this, she is not fed, not from her husband, and not from the Yavam;

1. If Beis Din told him to do Yibum or Chalitzah and he fled, she is fed from the Yavam.

(b) Answer: This does not oppose Shmuel - according to either explanation, there is no concern here!

1. A Yavam does not care for the Yevamah so much that he would leave her money for her food.
2. She is not obligated to give him her earnings.

(c) Question (Beraisa): A woman went with her husband overseas. She returned and said that he died - she chooses to receive food or her Kesuvah;

1. If she says that he divorced her, she is fed, up to the value of her Kesuvah.

(d) Answer: Here also, the case is, we heard that he died.

1. Question: If so, why does she only receive up to the value of her Kesuvah?
2. Answer: By saying that she is divorced, she admitted that she does not deserve more than this.

(e) Question (Beraisa): In what case was it said, a girl that does Mi'un does not receive food?

1. You cannot say, when she is still married - then he must feed her!
2. Rather, her husband went overseas, she borrowed money for food, and then did Mi'un.

i. Had she not done Mi'un, he would have to pay!

(f) Answer: This does not oppose Shmuel - according to either explanation, there is no concern here!

1. A man does not leave money (for food) to a minor.
2. A minor would not consent to feed herself from her earnings (since normally, she does not earn enough).

(g) Question: What was the final ruling?
(h) Answer #1 (Rav Dimi): A case arose: Rebbi ruled that she is fed, R. Yishmael ruled that she is not fed.

1. Objection (R. Yochanan): How could R. Yishmael say that she is not fed?!

i. The sons of Kohanim Gedolim only argued with Chanan regarding the oath - but all agree, she is fed!

2. Answer (R. Shemen Bar Aba): Shmuel already answered this - the case is, we heard that he died.

i. R. Yochanan did not accept the answer.

(i) Answer #2 (Ravin): A case arose: Rebbi ruled that she is not fed, R. Yishmael ruled that she is fed.

1. Objection (R. Yochanan): How could Rebbi say that she is not fed?!

i. The sons of Kohanim Gedolim only argued with Chanan regarding the oath - but all agree, she is fed!

2. Answer (R. Shemen Bar Aba): Shmuel already answered this - the case is, we heard that he died.

i. R. Yochanan did not accept the answer.

(j) The law is as Rav, she is fed.

1. The law is as Rav Huna, who said that a woman may tell her husband, do not feed me, and I will keep my earnings.
2. The law is as Rav Zevid regarding glazed pottery.

i. (Rav Zevid): Glazed pottery - white or black vessels do not become forbidden because of absorptions, but green vessels do.
ii. If they have cracks, even black and white vessels become forbidden.

(a) (Mishnah): A man went overseas; Reuven fed his wife. Chanan says, he is not reimbursed; the sons of Kohanim Gedolim say, he swears how much he spent, and is reimbursed;
(b) R. Dosa Ben Hurkanis agrees with the sons of Kohanim Gedolim; R. Yochanan Ben Zakai holds as Chanan - Reuven threw away his money.