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1)

(a) The Gemara tries to prove from the words of Rebbi Yossi ben Pereida 've'Chi Lesosmo Ani Tzarich'? - that when his Rebbi Rebbi Eliezer instructed him to place a second Lechi, he must have meant a second Lechi as well as a Koreh; otherwise, what did Rebbi Yossi ben Pereida mean by those words? Lechayayim *with* a Koreh closes the Mavoy, *without* it, they don't?

(b) What Rebbi Yossi ben Pereida may have meant to ask was - 've'Chi Lesosmo bi'Lechayayim Ani Tzarich' ('Do I need to fill up the entire space with Lechayayim'?)

(c) Rebbi Eliezer's reply was 'Yisasem, ve'Ein Bekach Kelum'!

(a) When Raban Shimon ben Gamliel says that Beis Shamai and Beis Hillel agree that a Mavoy which is less than four Amos wide does not require any Tikun at all - he means that it does not require a Lechi and a Koreh like Beis Shamai, nor two Lechayayim like Rebbi Eliezer, but just a Lechi or a Koreh like Beis Hillel.

(b) The minimum width for a Mavoy to require a Tikun - is four Tefachim.

(c) Rebbi agrees with Rebbi Eliezer, but the Rabbanan of Rebbi do not. According to them, *one* board will suffice by a Chatzer, too.

(a) We cannot say that, for a Chatzer, Rebbi Yochanan requires two Pasim of four Tefachim each - in view of the Beraisa that we quoted earlier (9b): 'Ketanah be'Eser, u'Gedolah be'Achas-Esrei' - which means that the two Pasim between them total only six Tefachim (and not eight, as we are currently suggesting in Rebbi Yochanan).

(b) When Rebbi Zeira came in from the sea, he explained that - either one requires *one* board of four Tefachim, or *two* of even a Kol Shehu.

(c) The Beraisa of 'Ketanah be'Eser, u'Gedolah be'Achas-Esrei' - goes like Rebbi (who requires two Pasim); and Rebbi in turn, holds like Rebbi Yossi (who requires each Pas to be at least three Tefachim).

Note: The Gemara refers to a Lechi when it speaks about a Mavoy, but calls it a Pas when dealing with a Chatzer. In fact, there is no difference between them (see Tosfos DH 'be'Pasei'). Likewise, I refer to a Lechi sometimes as a plank, and sometimes as a board; this is purely a matter of style - no distinctioon should be drawn between them.

(a) Rav Yehudah quoting Shmuel, permits a Chatzer with *one* plank - only when the sea flows into the Chatzer (it is one of the lenient rulings that Chazal issued by water).

(b) According to him, a regular Chazter requires either that the majority of the wall still remains standing, or two boards.

(c) Chazal also permitted a suspended wall (that does not reach within three Tefachim of the water) by water.

(a) If the remaining wall was seven Tefachim - it would not require a board of *four* Tefachim, answers the Gemara; three Tefachim plus would suffice. Why? Because Rav Achli rules that an area that is less than four Tefachim wide does not require a Tikun - and if one placed a board of three Tefachim plus would leave a space of less than four Tefachim.

(b) The Gemara's first answer (to refute the previous Kashya and reinstate the answer that the breached wall is only seven Tefachim across) - is that Rav Achli only exempted a space of less than four Tefachim from a Tikun by *a Mavoy*, but not by *a Chatzer*. Consequently, a breached wall of seven Tefachim in a Chatzer *would* need a board of four Tefachim to make up Rov Dofen.

(a) If sea-water enters a Chatzer via a breach in the wall - no Tikun is required, provided the breach is not more than ten Amos wide.

(b) If the breach is more than ten Amos wide - then it requires a Mechitzah of at least ten Tefachim tall. The Tikun is in order to permit filling water from it (according to Tosfos Amud 2 DH 'Hacha', the Gemara is referring to carrying from the house to the Chatzer) but not to carry, which is permitted anyway.

(c) No! It is not a Reshus ha'Yachid which opens into a Karmelis - because we are speaking when part of the wall on either side is still standing up to a height of ten Tefachim (only it is covered by the sea-water).

(d) No! The above does not apply to a wall of a Chatzer that is *completely* breached. In that case, a breach of less than ten Amos would have the same Din as one of more than ten Amos, and would therefore require a Tikun.

7)

(a) Rav Yehudah says that someone who throws from a Reshus ha'Rabim into a Mavoy which has a Lechi, is Chayav - because 'Lechi Mishum Mechitzah' (so he has thrown into a Reshus ha'Yachid); but Patur if it has a Koreh - because Koreh Mishum Heker (so he has not thrown into a Reshus ha'Yachid).

(b) At this stage, we think that a Reshus ha'Yachid, according to Rav Yehudah, requires four walls (both Lekula and Lechumra).

(c) Since Rav Yehudah said 'she'Lo Nishtatfu Bah' - we can infer that, had they made an Eruv, the thrower would be Chayav, even if the Tikun of the fourth wall consisted of a Koreh. But since when, asks Rav Sheshes, does the loaf of Eruv Chatzeros transform a Mavoy into a Reshus ha'Yachid (and we even have a Beraisa to this effect)?

(d) Chazal forbid carrying from a house flanking a public Chatzer into the Chatzer - because one is carrying from a private domain into a public one, which resembles carrying from a Reshus ha'Yachid into a Reshus ha'Yachid. They were afraid that, if one were to permit the former, one may come to permit the latter, too.

(a) Rav Sheshes amends Rav Yehudah's words to read 'Mavoy she'Eino Ra'uy le'Shituf (meaning that it is 'Mefulash'), Hechshero be'Lechi ...'.

(b) According to the new text, a Reshus ha'Yachid will require not *four* walls min ha'Torah, but *three*.

(c) Rava maintains 'Zeh va'Zeh (both a Lechi and a Koreh) Mishum Heker.

(d) Rava explains 'ha'Zorek le'Mavuy, Yesh Lo Lechi, Chayav' - to mean that if it needs no more than a Lechi (i.e. that it is not Mefulash), then he is Chayav, because min ha'Torah, a Reshus ha'Yachid comprises *three* walls; 'Ein Lo Lechi, Patur' - that if it needs a Lechi plus something else (i.e. a Tzuras ha'Pesach), then he is Patur, even if the fourth side has a Lechi.

(a) According to Rebbi Yehudah, someone who owned a house on either side of the street, would be able to rectify that section of road - by placing a Lechi or a Koreh on either side of that section.

(b) We see from Rebbi Yehudah, that both the 'Lechi and the 'Koreh are because of Mechitzah' (and the Rabbanan argue only whether a Reshus ha'Rabim can be rectified in this way, but not on the function of a Lechi or a Koreh) - Consequently, we have a Kashya on Rava (who holds that 'Lechi ve'Koreh Mishum Heker') from both Rebbi Yehudah and the Rabbanan. (See Gilyon ha'Shas, as to why the Gemara confines the Kashya to Rava.)

(c) The Gemara answers - that, according to Rebbi Yehudah, min ha'Torah, a Reshus ha'Yachid comprises no more than two walls (so it is possible that the Lechi and the Koreh could serve as a Heker, and not as a Mechitzah - like Rava).

(d) According to Rav Nachman - a square Mavoy, like a Chatzer, requires a Pas of four Tefachim.

(a) A circular Mavoy, just like a square one, is permitted by means of a Lechi or Koreh.

(b) Rav, quoting his uncle, told Shmuel that as long as the Mavoy is longer than it is wide - even by a Mashehu, it retains the Din of a Mavoy, and is permitted by a Lechi or a Koreh.

(c) Rav's uncle was called Rebbi Chiya.