QUESTION: One of the cases of the discussed in the Gemara (66b) is when the
outer Chatzer and inner Chatzer made an Eruv together, which they placed in
the inner Chatzer, and one of the people in the inner Chatzer forgot to join
the Eruv. The Gemara says that the people in the inner Chatzer are stuck
because the one who forgot in the inner Chatzer cannot be Mevatel Reshus to
the residents of the outer Chatzer.
Rav Huna brei d'Rav Yehoshua asks why. The person who forgot should simply
be Mevatel his Reshus to the residents of the inner Chatzer who made the
Eruv, since he does not have to be Mevatel Reshus to every single person who
joined the Eruv (that is, he does not have to be Mevatel Reshus to the
residents of the outer Chatzer as well). The Gemara concludes that he *does*
have to be Mevatel Reshus to all of the people who made the Eruv, including
those in the outer Chatzer. Since he cannot be Mevatel to the outer Chatzer
(for Bitul from one Chatzer to another Chatzer is not permitted), he cannot
be Mevatel his Reshus at all.
Why did Rav Huna brei d'Rav Yehoshua ask this question only in this case?
The Gemara describes a parallel case which is the exact complement of the
case that Rav Huna brei d'Rav Yehoshua quotes, on which he also could have
asked his question. If the Eruv was made in the *outer* Chatzer and one of
the residents of the *outer* Chatzer forgot to join, the Gemara says that
both Chatzeros are forbidden to carry. Rav Huna brei d'Rav Yehoshua should
have asked on that case as well that the person in the outer Chatzer should
be Mevatel Reshus to the other residents of the outer Chatzer if he does not
need to be Mevatel to every person who made the Eruv (i.e. those in the
inner Chatzer). Why does he not ask that question?
ANSWERS:
(a) The RITVA answers simply and says that Rav Huna brei d'Rav Yehoshua
could have asked his question in that case as well, but he expressed his
question only on the first case.
(b) TOSFOS (DH k'Man) answers that in the case of the Eruv in the outer
Chatzer and the resident of the outer Chatzer who forgot to join the Eruv,
in order to permit carrying in the outer Chatzer, the Bitul Reshus must be
done to the residents of the inner Chatzer as well. Since the residents of
the inner Chatzer normally trample through the outer Chatzer, and they are
prohibited to carry in their Chatzer without a valid Eruv, they prohibit the
outer Chatzer from carrying as well (because of Regel ha'Asurah bi'Mekomah).
In such a case, the Mevatel must *relate directly* to the members of the
inner Chatzer. Even if he is Mevatel his Reshus only to the people in the
outer Chatzer and then *automatically* the people in the inner Chatzer are
joined together with them, *this is also called* "Bitul Reshus me'Chatzer
le'Chatzer."
Rav Huna brei d'Rav Yehoshua is only asking in the case when the Eruv is
located in the inner Chatzer and one of the residents there forgot to join
the Eruv. In that case, the people in the outer Chatzer are not inherently
residents of the inner Chatzer; they are only considered to be in the inner
Chatzer because of "Hergel Eruv" (see Insights to Daf 66:2b). Therefore, Rav
Huna brei d'Rav Yehoshua thought that it would be enough to be Mevatel
Reshus to the people in the inner Chatzer, and the Mevatel should not have
to relate *directly* to the people of the outer Chatzer. After he would be
Mevatel to a friend from the inner Chatzer, automatically the members of the
inner Chatzer join with those of the outer Chatzer through the Eruv that
they all made together.