Ask A Question on the daf

Previous daf

*****************************GIRSA SECTION*****************************
We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach and the
marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section is devoted to any *OTHER*
important corrections that Acharonim have pointed out in the Gemara, Rashi
and Tosfos

[1] Rashi 105b DH Amrei Inhu:
The words "l'Hatzil Atzmam mi'Yad *ha'Michshol*"
should be "l'Hatzil Atzmam mi'Yad *ha'Machashefus*"
(RASHASH, based on EIN YAKOV)
[***********************************************************************

1) [line 14] MISHTAR SHATAREI - it becomes soft and gets stuck [to the inside of the mouth]

2a) [line 15] BI'RECHICHA - with soft bread
b) [line 15] B'AKUSHA - with hard bread
3) [line 26] CHALA BAR CHAMRA - wine vinegar (as opposed to my father, who is comparable to wine)

4) [line 32] HAVAH SAYAR NICHSEI - would walk around his properties, assessing their current needs

5a) [line 35] MASHKACH ISTERA - (lit. will find an Istera coin) will discover hidden wealth
b) [line 35] ISTERA - a silver coin also known as Sela Medinah (1/8 of a Sela Tzuri, or half of a Dinar; see Background to Bava Basra 105:13a)

6) [line 36] PAGA BA'ARISEI - he met up with his hired laborer
7) [line 37] D'DAREI PATACHA D'UFEI - who was carrying a bundle of wood
8) [line 38] KEVAR KEDAMUCH RABANAN - (lit. the Rabanan have already preceded you) the Rabanan have provided a preventative measure to stop people like you, i.e. inspecting one's possessions every day

9) [line 41] TZINORA D'BADKA B'AREI - a water channel in his land that was rising over its banks and was threatening to flood his land through a breach

10) [line 42] KARCHEI - he folded it up
11) [line 42] RAMA KALA - he called loudly (lit. raised his voice)
12) [line 43] SACHRUHA - they dammed it

13a) [line 45] MAYIM RISHONIM MITZVAH - the water used for washing one's hands before eating bread, is a Mitzvah [that the Chachamim instituted so that Kohanim would be accustomed to washing their hands before eating Terumah]

b) [line 45] MAYIM RISHONIM (TUM'AS YADAYIM)
(a) Normally if Tum'ah touches part of a person's body, it make his entire body Tamei and he can only become Tahor by Tevilah (immersing) in a Mikvah. However the Chachamim instituted that in certain cases a person's hands can become Temei'os without the rest of his body becoming Tamei, and he is able to be Metaher his hands through Netilas Yadayim or Tevilas Yadayim.
(b) Shlomo ha'Melech instituted (Eruvin 21b; Shabbos 15a) that if a person does not pay close attention to make sure that his hands did not touch what they were not supposed to, his hands are deemed to be Temei'os and he may not touch Kodshim until he washes them. The reason for the Gezeirah was "Yadayim Askaniyos Hen," which means that the hands are constantly "busy" and they touch things without intent. A person may have touched himself in a sweaty or otherwise unclean place, and touching Kodshim or Terumah in such a manner is a disgrace to their Kedushah and loathsome to those who must afterwards eat them (RASHI to Shabbos 14a). The Takanah of Shlomo ha'Melech was to consider the hands a Shelishi (see Background to Chulin 3:2 for a discussion of the different levels of Tum'ah) and to prohibit a person from eating Kodshim without Netilas Yadayim. Later, Beis Hilel and Beis Shamai decreed that the hands are *Sheniyos* and may not even touch *Terumah* before Netilas Yadayim (Shabbos 14a). This is one of the ordinances of the "Shemoneh Asar Davar" (Shabbos 13b-17b). These two decrees are known as the Gezeiros of "Stam Yadayim," i.e. it is not known for certain that the person's hands touched anything specific that made them Temei'os, but the Rabanan made them Temei'os anyway.
(c) There are other situations in which a person's hands could become Temei'os without the rest of his body becoming Tamei: 1. If a person's hands touch Sifrei Kodesh (Shabbos 14a; TOSFOS ibid. 14b DH Keivan; 2. If a person's hands touch a Rishon l'Tum'ah (Mishnah Yadayim 3:1); 3. If a person's hands touch a person who can only make clothing, but not people, Tamei. (An example of a person who can only make clothing but not people Tamei, is one who is touching Ma'ayanos ha'Zav (see Background to Nedarim 19:4), a Mishkav or Moshav (see Background to Zevachim 93:12), or one who is carrying a Neveilah (see Kelim 1).) (Mishnah Yadayim, ibid.); 4. If a person's hands enter a Bayis ha'Menuga, but his body does not enter it (ibid.).
(d) Although Yadayim that are Sheniyos cannot make Chulin Tamei, The Chachamim instituted that a person must wash his hands before eating bread that is Chulin. This is because of a "Serach Terumah" (in order to accustom those who eat Terumah to Netilas Yadayim -- RASHI to Chulin 106a) and also because of Nekiyus (cleanliness; see TOSFOS ibid. DH Mitzvah). In addition, Netilas Yadayim is necessary before eating other Chulin foods besides bread if the food is wet (Pesachim 115a -- because even Chulin food can become Tamei through a Sheni, such as hands that are Temei'os, because of the water on it).
(e) A person whose hands are Temei'os cannot touch Terumah or Kodshim, and cannot eat Chulin, until he is Metaher them either through Netilas Yadayim or Tevilas Yadayim.

1. Netilas Yadayim (Mishnah, Yadayim 1:1) involves pouring water on his hands from a utensil that contains at least a Revi'is of water. A person may be Metaher his hands by pouring less than a Revi'is of water on his hands from such a utensil if two conditions are met: (i) The utensil must have contained at least a Revi'is when the first person to use the water in this cup used some of it for Netilas Yadayim. (ii) When pouring less than a Revi'is on one's hands, one must rinse their entire hands *twice* each, and not just once each.
2. Tevilas Yadayim (Chagigah 2:5, also known as "Shetifas Yadayim," according to Rashi to Gitin 15b DH v'Achas b'Shetifah) involves dipping one's hands into a valid Mikvah or river (see Background to Chulin 31:15).

15) [line 47] EMTZA'IYIM - the water that people use to rinse their hands between courses (see Insights to Chulin 105b)

16) [line 50] KINSA - chips of wood
17a) [line 50] CHAMIN - hot water
b) [line 51] TZONEN - cold water

18) [line 51] MEFA'APE'IN ES HA'YADAYIM - (O.F. esvolant) soften the hands [allowing food residue to penetrate into the skin (instead of washing it away)]

19) [line 51] ZUHAMA - filth
20) [last line] SHE'EIN HA'YAD SOLEDES BAHEN - that [are not so hot and] the hand does not recoil due to a burning sensation

21) [line 12] MELACH SEDOMIS - salt from the Dead Sea that is very fine
22) [line 12] SHE'MESAMEI ES HA'EINAYIM - that it causes blindness [when it comes in contact with the eyes]

23) [line 13] U'MISHTAKE'ACH KI KORTA B'KORA - and it is found in the proportion of one grain in a Kor (i.e. it is very rare; 1 Kor = 216, 248.9 or 432 liters, depending upon the differing Halachic opinions.)

24) [line 15] KAL MILCHA - if one measured out an amount of salt
25) [line 18] RU'ACH RA'A - an evil spirit; demon

26a) [line 18] HAI D'LO SHAKIL MIDI MI'PESORA - the reason that no one takes anything off of a table [at the time that someone is sitting at that table]
b) [line 19] KI NAKIT INISH KASA L'MISHTEI - when that person is holding a cup to drink

27) [line 19] SHEMA YE'ARA DEVAR KALKALAH BA'SE'UDAH - [is that] perhaps some harm will be done during the meal [if he had wanted the food item that was removed and he becomes upset and subsequently chokes on the liquid that he is drinking]

28) [line 20] RU'ACH TZERADA - (O.F. estordison) dazing [of the mind]
29) [line 24] A'ASISA U'VUCHNA D'TAVLEI - on [the removal of] a mortar and pestle of spices

30) [line 25] HAI D'CHANSHEI NISHVARA'A - the reason that people gather the crumbs that fall to the floor

31) [line 25] MENAKIRUSA - cleanliness
32) [line 26] D'KASHEI L'ANIYUSA - that it is liable to produce poverty
33) [line 26] SARA D'ANIYUSA - the angel responsible for poverty
34) [line 28] KARACH (LIFTA) [RIFTA] A'YABLEI - he ate his bread over Yablei (a species of grass)

35) [line 28] AISI MARA - he brought a hoe
*36*) [line 29] SHAM'EI D'KA'AMAR "VAI... - that is, due to this person's extreme diligence in showing the proper respect for (even) crumbs, by collecting them instead of leaving them scattered about on the ground, he merited to hear the voice of an angel!

37) [line 30] UFI'A - (O.F. escume) scum, froth
38) [line 31] D'KASHEI L'CHARSAM - that it liable to produce (a) catarrh (an inflammation of the mucous membrane of the nasal passages, accompanied by discharge from the membrane) (RASHI); (b) a pain of the muscles between the ribs (ARUCH)

39) [line 31] MINPACH BEI KASHYA L'REISHA - blowing on it is liable to produce a headache

40) [line 32] MEDACHYEI - to push it to the side
41) [line 32] L'SHAK'EI SHEKU'EI - he should sink it [into the beverage]
42) [line 33] L'CHARSAM D'CHAMRA, SHICHRA - to [counteract] the Charsam [that comes as a result of the froth] of wine, [one should drink] beer

43) [line 34] BASAR ANYA AZLA ANIYUSA - poverty (and misfortune) follows the poor (i.e. a poor man is only able to afford water to drink, and there is no cure for the Charsam that comes as a result of the froth of water)

44) [line 35] YARKA ME'KISHA D'ASAR GINA'A - [one stalk of] a vegetable (e.g. a leek or a stalk of garlic) taken out of a bundle of vegetables that a gardener has tied

45) [line 35] RA'AVTANUSA - gluttony
46) [line 36] KESHAFIM - witchcraft
47) [line 37] KA'AZLEI B'ARBA - were going on a boat
48) [line 37] MATRONISA - Roman matron; aristocratic woman
49) [line 37] OSVAN BAHADAICHU - let me sit with you
50) [line 38] AMRAH MILSA - she said a word [of sorcery]
51) [line 38] ASARTA L'ARBA - and she thereby "bound up" the boat (it could not move as a result of her spell)

52) [line 38] SHARYUHA - they released it
53) [line 39] D'LO MEKANE'ACH L'CHU B'CHASPA - that you do not wipe yourselves (after moving your bowels) with pieces of pottery

54) [line 39] A'MANAICHU - on your clothes
55) [line 41] YARKA D'NAFAL A'TAKA - (a) vegetables that fell on the table; (b) according to the Girsa *MI'TAKA* - vegetables that fell *off of* the table

56) [line 42] REI'ACH HA'PEH - bad breath
57) [line 43] MARZEIVA - a gutter
58) [line 43] SHOFCHIM - water [that has been put to use by people who were on the roof, such as for cleaning things,] that is being discarded

59) [line 43] SHAKULA'EI - porters
60) [line 44] D'HAVU DARU - who were carrying
61) [line 44] L'ISPUCHEI - to rest
62) [line 44] PAK'A - it broke open
63) [line 45] APIK SHIFUREI - he took out Shofaros (to proclaim the excommunication)
64) [line 45] SHAMTEI - he put him in Cherem (see Background to Chulin 18:5)
65) [line 46] KI OSVEI B'UNA'I - since they placed it right into my ear!
66a) [line 50] KOL MILEI D'TZAYIR - all things that are tied up
b) [line 50] V'CHASIM - or sealed
c) [line 50] V'CHAYIL - or measured
d) [line 50] U'MANEI - or counted

67) [line 51] AD D'MESHAKCHINAN MIDI D'HEFKERA - until we find an item (of those things) that is ownerless

68) [line 52] MI'PUMA D'CHATZBA - from the mouth of a pitcher
69) [line 52] TZIVASA - small pieces of wood
70) [line 53] MAYIM HA'RA'IM - "bad water" (from which a demon drank)
71) [line 53] BAR SHEIDA - demon (lit. son of a demon)
72) [last line] AD D'CHALFEI MAYIM HA'RA'IM - [I waited] until the "bad water" (see above, entry #70) flowed away

73) [last line] AD'HACHI - in the meantime

Next daf