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*****************************GIRSA SECTION*****************************
We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach and the
marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section is devoted to any *OTHER*
important corrections that Acharonim have pointed out in the Gemara, Rashi
and Tosfos

[1] Gemara 99b [line 23]:
The words "Sharya *Nihalei*"
should be "Sharya *Nihali*"
***********************************************************************

1) [line 1] "KOL ASHER YIGA BI'VESARAH YIKDASH" - "Any [food item] that touches its flesh [and absorbs from it] will be come sanctified" (Vayikra 6:20)

2) [line 9] MEKOM CHETACH - (lit. the place of the cut) the part of the Shelamim that was joined to the Zero'a

3) [line 13] HA'MECHAMETZ - one who leavens [a dough of Chulin by mixing it with sourdough of Terumah]

4) [line 13] U'METABEL - or spices [a pot of Chulin with spices of Terumah]

5) [line 13] U'MEDAME'A - or mixes Terumah into Chulin
(a) Terumah only becomes Batel (canceled, annulled) if one part of Terumah falls into at least one hundred parts of Chulin. Even if the Terumah is Batel, it is forbidden for non-Kohanim to eat the entire mixture; the equivalent of the amount of Terumah that fell in must first be removed. (b) If the percentage of Terumah that fell into the Chulin was greater than one in one hundred, the mixture is known as *Meduma* (lit. mixed) and is forbidden to be eaten by non-Kohanim.
(c) According to TOSFOS DH Ein, this law applies only if the Terumah was the same type of food as the Chulin; otherwise Terumah is Batel just like any other Isur.

6) [line 16] GERISIN - pounded beans
7) [line 16] ADASHIM - lentils

8) [line 17] L'HA'ALOS B'ME'AH V'ECHAD - to be annulled by a ratio of one hundred to one
See above, entry #4.

9) [line 3] SE'OR - sourdough, a very heavily fermented dough that is mixed with fresh dough to cause it to rise

10) [line 11] D'CHIMUTZO KASHEH - that its leavening power is very great, potent
11) [line 11] ADKARTAN - you have reminded me
12) [line 13] TZIR - fish brine
13) [line 15] REVI'IS B'SASAYIM (MEASUREMENTS OF VOLUME)
(a) Equivalents of volume used in the Mishnah and Gemara:

• 1 Kor (= 1 Chomer) = 30 Se'in
• 1 Lesech = 15 Se'in
• 1 Eifah = 3 Se'in
• 1 Se'ah = 6 Kabin
• 1 Tarkav (= 3 Kabin) = 12 Lugin
• 1 Kav = 4 Lugin
• 1 Log (= 1 Rova) = 4 Revi'iyos = 6 Beitzim
• 1 Beitzah = 2 k'Zeisim

14) [line 16] ZEI'A B'ALMA - merely moisture (and not considered to be the essence of the fish)

15) [line 18] ROSHEI LEFATOS - (a) turnip greens or the tops of turnips (RASHI); (b) turnip roots (TOSFOS)

16) [line 20] EIN B'GIDIN B'NOSEN TA'AM - nerves do not have a taste that they may transfer to other foods
(a) The Tana'im disagree if Gidin (the nerves) have a taste that they may transfer to meat when they are cooked together or not. A number of Halachos depend upon this question:

1. If the Gid ha'Nasheh, which is Asur b'Hana'ah, was cooked together with meat, is the meat prohibited or not? If Gidin do not transfer their taste to food, the meat is permitted (Chulin 99b).
2. Is the Gid ha'Nasheh of a non-Kosher or Hekdesh animal prohibited to be eaten only because it is a Gid ha'Nasheh, or *also* because it is not Kosher or Hekdesh? According to the Tana'im who rule that Ein b'Gidin b'Nosen Ta'am, the Gid is not considered like meat but rather like an inedible bone, to which the prohibitions of eating non-Kosher animals or being Hekdesh do not apply (Chulin 89b, 100b).
3. Is the Gid ha'Nasheh Mutar b'Hana'ah (is one permitted to derive benefit from it)? The Torah decrees that *all* meat of a Neveilah (an animal that is killed or dies without proper Halachic slaughter) is Mutar b'Hana'ah (Devarim 14:21). Included in the carcass of a Neveilah is the Gid ha'Nasheh, which, therefore, should also be Mutar b'Hana'ah. However, according to the Tana'im who rule Ein b'Gidin b'Nosen Ta'am, the Gid is not considered to be the meat of the Neveilah, rather, it is like its bones. Only the meat of a Neveilah is Mutar b'Hana'ah, and it follows accordingly that the Gid remains Asur b'Hana'ah (RASHI 22a, 23b).

17) [line 22] A'BAVA - at the gate
18) [line 26] MESHADER LEHU - he would send them

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