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Chulin 65

1) [line 1] B'TARTEI TEIVOS - in two words (the two words "Bas ha'Ya'anah")
2) [line 1] TREI SHEMOS NINHU - there are two names here (referring to two separate entities, i.e. the ostrich and the eggs of birds that are Temei'im)

3) [line 2] "ES KEDOR LA'OMER..." - "With Kedor La'omer..." (Bereishis 14:9) - The tradition of the Amora'im of this Sugya was that the name Kedorla'omer was written as two words (see YOSEF DA'AS)

4) [line 4] B'SHTEI TEIVOS PASIK LEHU; B'SHENEI SHITIN LO FASIK LEHU - [the name Kedorla'omer] may be (and is) split into two words; it may not, however, be written on (lit. split onto) two lines

5) [line 7] DORES V'OCHEL - it steadies its food under its foot while it eats it (RASHI)

6) [line 10] CHOLEK ES RAGLAV SHTAYIM L'KAN V'SHTAYIM L'KAN - (lit. it splits its feet) it grabs the string with two toes in front and two toes in back

7) [line 13] KOLET MIN HA'AVIR - [when throwing food to it,] it grabs its food from the air

8) [line 13] TZIPARTA - name of a kosher bird
9) [line 14] KOLET V'OCHEL - it grabs its food and eats it, never letting it land on the ground (the Tziparta, however, may place its food on the ground before it eats it)

10) [line 15] SHACHEN IM TEMEI'IM - [a bird that] lives with birds that are Temei'im

11) [line 17] ZARZIR - a bird that lives among ravens (but is Kosher, according to the Chachamim who argue with Rebbi Eliezer -- Daf 62a)

12) [line 19] NIDMEH - it is similar to them in appearance
13a) [line 20] ORKO - its length
b) [line 21] HEKEIFO - its circumference
14) [line 23] ZACHAL - the name of a species of locust that is born without Kartzulin, the legs with which it jumps

15) [line 24] "ASHER LO CHERA'AYIM" - "that has Kartzulin, the legs with which it jumps" (Vayikra 11:21) - The word "Lo," "it has," is spelled (according to the Masores, the tradition of the way a Sefer Torah is to be written) with a letter Alef, which has the connotation "that it does *not* have Kartzulin." This statement of Rebbi Eliezer b'Rebbi Yosi supports the opinion of the Tana Kama of this Beraisa.

16) [line 27] ARBEH - the red locust, according to Yemenite tradition; more generally, Arbeh denotes the Sudanese or desert locust which reaches Eretz Yisrael in large numbers (The LIVING TORAH by Rav Aryeh Kaplan, p.320). According to our Sugya, the Arbeh has no Gabachas (lit. it is not bald; this could possibly refer to an arched back or small horn-like protrusions on it head), no tail and not elongated head.

17) [line 27] SOL'AM - the yellow locust, according to Yemenite tradition (The LIVING TORAH by Rav Aryeh Kaplan, p.320). According to our Sugya, the Sol'am has a Gabachas, no tail and no elongated head.

18) [line 27] CHARGOL - the spotted gray locust, according to Yemenite tradition; some identify it with the long-horned grasshopper (see note #11) (The LIVING TORAH by Rav Aryeh Kaplan, p.320) According to our Sugya, the Chargol has a Gabachas, a tail and no elongated head.

19) [line 27] CHAGAV - the small white locust, according to Yemenite tradition. (Chagav is also a general term referring to many species of locusts.) (The LIVING TORAH by Rav Aryeh Kaplan, p.320) According to RASHI DH Harzavnis, it seems that the Chagav is similar in appearance to the other three, however, the only fact that can be inferred from our Sugya is that it has no elongated head.

20a) [last line] KELALEI KELALOS - (lit. general terms upon general terms) extra general terms in the verses that are used to teach Halachos; according to RASHI DH d'Vei, this refers to the words "l'Mineihu" that follow Sol'am and Chagav
b) [last line] PERATEI PERATOS - (lit. specifications upon specifications) extra specific terms in the verses that are used to teach Halachos; according to RASHI DH d'Vei, this refers to the words "Sol'am" and "Chagav"

c) [last line] KELALEI KELALOS / PERATEI PERATOS (KELALEI U'FERATEI)
(a) In the Introduction to the Sifra (the Halachic Midrash to Vayikra), Rebbi Yishmael lists thirteen methods that Chazal use for extracting the Halachah from the verses of the Torah. These methods made it possible to present the Written Word in a compact form, from which the Oral Law could be interpreted by means of application of these rules. Three of these rules are as follows:
(b) KELAL U'FERAT EIN BA'KELAL ELA MAH SHEBA'PERAT - When a Kelal (general term) is followed by a Perat (specification), without teaching any new Halachos that pertain to that Perat, then the Halachah of the verse is limited and applies *only* to the Perat.
(c) PERAT U'CHELAL HU, V'NA'ASEH KELAL MOSIF AL HA'PERAT - When a Perat is followed by a Kelal, then the Halachah of the verse is all-inclusive and applies to all of the cases of the general category.
(d) KELAL U'FERAT U'CHELAL IY ATAH DAN ELA K'EIN HA'PERAT - When a Kelal is followed by a Perat, which is followed in turn by another Kelal, then everything belonging to the general category that is *similar* to the Perat is included. Anything that is not in the general category of the limiting Perat is not included. This method is explained in two ways:

1. Some learn that the first Kelal is the essential Kelal. Since it is followed by a Perat, we should exclude *everything* but the Perat. However, because of the subsequent Kelal that follows the Perat, we must include something. Therefore, we include that which is similar to the Perat in all respects.
2. Some learn that the second Kelal is the essential one. Just as a Kelal that follows a Perat is all-inclusive, a Kelal that comes after a Kelal u'Ferat is all-inclusive. However, since the Perat follows the original Kelal, something must be excluded. Therefore, we exclude from the Kelal u'Ferat u'Chelal that which is not similar at all to the Perat.
65b---------------------------------------65b

21) [line 2] YESH LO GABACHAS - its head is bald in front
22) [line 5] YESH LO ZANAV - it has a tail
23) [line 18] TZARTZUR - cricket

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