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1) [line 6] CHAG SHE'YESH BO ASIFAH - a festival that occurs at a time of gathering [the grain that has been drying in the fields during the summer]

2) [line 37] MAH SHEVI'I ATZUR - just as [on] the seventh [day of Pesach] it is forbidden to do (lit. one is held back from doing) Melachah

3) [line 40] LO MESARAN HA'KASUV ELA LA'CHACHAMIM... - the Torah has handed over to the Chachamim the right to decree which days of the festival are Yom Tov and which days are Chol ha'Moed (through Kidush ha'Chodesh) and the right to decide which Melachah is forbidden on Chol ha'Moed and which Melachah is permitted

*4*) [last line] KAN B'YOM TOV SHE'CHAL LIHEYOS ACHAR HA'SHABBOS - that is, the year that Alexe died, Shavuos was on a weekday, and not on Shabbos. He died the day after Shavuos, which is the Yom Tavo'ach of the Korbenos Olos Re'iyah according to Beis Shamai.

5) [line 1] TERUMAH / MA'ASER (MA'ASER SHENI) (a) After a crop is harvested and brought to the owner's house or yard, he must separate Terumah from the crop and give it to a Kohen. Although the Torah does not specify the amount to be given, the Rabanan set the requirement at one fiftieth of the total crop.
(b) After Terumah is removed from the produce, the first tithe to be given every year is called Ma'aser Rishon; one tenth of the produce must be given to a Levi.
(c) A second tithe is given every year after Ma'aser Rishon has been separated. The tithe that is separated in the third and sixth years of the 7- year Shemitah cycle is called Ma'aser Ani and is given to the poor.
(d) The tithe that is separated during the first, second, fourth and fifth years is called *Ma'aser Sheni*. The Torah requires that Ma'aser Sheni be brought and eaten by its owner in Yerushalayim.
(e) Alternatively, Ma'aser Sheni produce may be redeemed, in which case the money used to redeem it is brought to Yerushalayim. If the owner himself redeems the produce, he must add an additional *fifth* (of the ensuing total, or a *quarter* of the original value). The food that is bought with this money in Yerushalayim becomes Kodesh like Ma'aser Sheni and must be eaten b'Taharah. Ma'aser Sheni that was redeemed by anyone besides the owner is exempt from the additional fifth.

6) [line 2] KODESH - Korbanos

7) [line 2] CHATAS (MEI CHATAS)

[I] PARAH ADUMAH

The Parah Adumah, an exclusively red-haired female cow is burned on Har ha'Zeisim and its ashes are used for making a person Tahor if he is Tamei Mes. Only a cow that has not had a yoke placed upon it and has had no other work done with it is fit to be used as a Parah Adumah. A place is prepared for its slaughter on Har ha'Zeisim, opposite the gate to the Azarah (the courtyard of the Beis ha'Mikdash). After it is slaughtered, its blood is sprinkled in the direction of the Beis ha'Mikdash seven times. A cedar branch, some Ezov branches and a piece of crimson wool are thrown into the carcass of the cow while it is burning. (Bamidbar 19:1-22)

If a person (or utensil) became Tamei through touching a Mes, he must wait seven days to become Tahor. On the third and seventh days he must have spring water mixed with the ashes of the Parah Adumah (Mei Chatas) sprinkled on him. A person who is Tahor dips three Ezov branches that have been bound together into the mixture, and sprinkles them on the person who is Tamei. On the seventh day, he immerses in a Mikvah after the mixture is sprinkled on him in order to complete his Taharah. (Bamidbar 19:17-19)

b) [line 9] MIDRAS
(a) A Zav who emits Zov two or three times, whether it is emitted in one day or in two or three consecutive days, is an Av ha'Tum'ah.
(b) He can cause objects that are under him to become Avos ha'Tum'ah whether he touches them or not. The objects become Tamei Midras (lit. an object that is treaded upon), otherwise known as Mishkav or Moshav ha'Zav (or the *Tachton*, of a Zav.) An object may become a Midras if it was made for lying, sitting, or leaning upon.
(c) A cloth must be at least three Tefachim square in order to become a Midras. A cloth that is smaller than this is Tahor due to its insignificance. Earthenware objects (Klei Cheres) cannot become Midras.
(d) A person who touches or carries a Midras is Tamei and is Metamei the clothes he is wearing and other utensils (except for earthenware utensils) that he is touching. He and the items he touches get the status of Rishon l'Tum'ah.
(e) Utensils or clothes that lie above the Zav also get the status of a Rishon l'Tum'ah, whether he touches them or not. These are called the *Elyon* of a Zav.

9) [line 9] PERUSHIN - people who eat their Chulin with the stringency that applies to Terumah or Kodshim (with regard to protecting it from Tum'ah)

10) [line 13] MITPACHTO - his shawl or head covering

11) [line 17] BIKURIM
(a) The Mitzvah of Bikurim consists of bringing the first fruits to emerge in one's field every year to the Beis ha'Mikdash. A Kohen takes the basket of fruit and places it at the base of the southwestern corner of the Mizbe'ach (RAMBAM Hilchos Bikurim 3:12). The owner recites a specified declaration (Devarim 26:3,5-10), and the fruits are then given to the Kohen (Mishnah Bikurim 3:8, RAMBAM ibid. 3:1).
(b) The Mitzvah of Bikurim applies only to the seven species with which the land of Eretz Yisrael was blessed (Devarim 8:8) -- wheat, barley, grapes, figs, pomegranates, olives and dates (Bikurim 1:3, RAMBAM ibid. 2:2). (Although many other types of produce now grow in Eretz Yisrael, these are the *only* species of produce truly indigenous to Yisrael. Other, "immigrant," species can be destroyed by drought or harsh weather, but these 7 species will always be part of the land -- heard once from a leading botanist -MK.)
(c) In certain instances, the owner only brings the fruit, without reciting the declaration (Mevi v'Eino Korei). For example, if he brings them between Sukos and Chanukah, he does not recite the verses (see Gemara Pesachim 36b and Rashi there).

12) [line 17] CHOMESH (TASHLUMEI TERUMAH)
(a) After a crop is harvested and brought to the owner's house or yard, the owner must separate Terumah from the crop, which he gives to a Kohen. Kohanim and members of their households are allowed to eat Terumah, as long as they are Tehorim.
(b) If a non-Kohen eats Terumah without knowing that it is Terumah, he must replace what he ate in the form of a food that becomes Terumah (Tashlumei Terumah). He returns the amount of Terumah that he ate to the Kohen who owned the Terumah (see Insights to the Daf, Pesachim 32). In addition, he is fined another Chomesh (fifth) of the ensuing total (i.e. a quarter of the value of what he ate). This Chomesh may be paid to any Kohen (Terumos 6:2), and is not necessarily given to the Kohen who owned the Terumah that was eaten.
(c) If the person ate Terumah in an abnormal fashion, such as by drinking olive oil, he only pays the value of the Terumah that was destroyed (i.e. the normal Halachah of damages applies to him, and not the laws of Tashlumei Terumah).
(d) A non-Kohen who eats or benefits from Terumah b'Mezid (intentionally) pays the value of the Terumah destroyed (i.e. the normal Halachah of damages applies to him, and not Tashlumei Terumah), and incurs the punishment of Misah b'Yedei Shamayim (Sanhedrin 83a).

13) [line 18] V'OLIN B'ECHAD U'ME'AH
(a) Terumah only becomes Batel (canceled) if one part of Terumah falls into at least 100 parts of Chulin. Even if the Terumah is Batel, it is forbidden for non-Kohanim to eat the entire mixture; the equivalent of the amount of Terumah that fell in must first be removed.
(b) If the percentage of Terumah that fell into the Chulin was greater than one in one hundred, the mixture is known as *Meduma* (lit. mixed) and is forbidden to be eaten by non-Kohanim.
(c) According to Tosfos in Chulin 99a DH Ein, this law applies only if the Terumah was the same type of food as the Chulin; otherwise Terumah is Batel just like any other Isur.

14) [line 25] METAMEI ES HA'KODESH (THE DIFFERENT LEVELS OF TUM'AH) (a) All objects belong to one of three categories:

1. Sources of Tum'ah
2. Objects that can become Tamei
3. Objects that cannot become Tamei

*14*) [line 26] VA'CHACHAMIM OSRIM B'MA'ASER - that is, the Chachamim prohibit a person who is Tamei mid'Rabanan (a Sheni l'Tum'ah) to *eat* Ma'aser (even though the Ma'aser will not become Tamei through contact with a Sheni, since it cannot become a Shelishi -- see Insights).

15) [line 33] NAHAMA - bread
16) [line 36] HA'MATBIL YADAV - one who immerses his hands in a Mikvah in order to eat Kodshim

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