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1)

(a) Had Rabah not taught us that in the case of a sheep that fell into a field below and broke the crops together with its fall, the owner is obligated to pay for the Hana'ah, why would we have exempted him from paying altogether?

(b) What is then the difference between 'Mavri'ach Ari' and this case? For which two reasons does Rav include the latter in the obligation of our Mishnah, even though Mavri'ach Ari is Patur?

(c) According to Rav Kahana, the sheep fell by slipping in its own urine.
How did it fall, according to Rava?

(d) Why does Rav Kahana disagree with Rava?

(a) According to Rav Kahana, the owner pays only for the Hana'ah, only as long as his sheep continues to eat from the row where it fell. But the moment it moves on to another row, he becomes liable to pay full damages.
What does Rebbi Yochanan say?

(b) Does this mean that he is not liable until the sheep leaves the field with the owner's knowledge and returns with his knowledge too? How much will he pay if it leaves with his knowledge and returns without his knowledge?

(a) Rebbi Yirmiyah asks what the Din will be if a pregnant sheep climbs down to the field below, gives birth and damages with the Mei Leidah (the amniotic fluids).
Why is this She'eilah irrelevant according to those who hold 'Techilaso bi'Peshi'ah ve'Sofo be'O'nes Chayav'?

(b) Then what is Rebbi Yirmiyah's She'eilah? Why might the owner be liable even according to those who hold 'Techilaso bi'Peshi'ah ve'Sofo be'O'nes, Patur'?

(c) What is the outcome of this She'eilah?

4)

(a) What does does Rav Masna learn from the Pasuk "u'Bi'er *bi'S'dei Acher*"?

(b) From where do we learn that Shein is Patur in the Reshus ha'Rabim?

(c) So how can we learn two D'rashos from the same words?

(d) How do we know that the Pasuk does not come to teach us the former D'rashah (to assess the damage as part of the field, and not as an independent entity) exclusively?

(a) According to Rebbi Yossi b'Rebbi Chanina, we reckon a Beis Sa'ah in sixty Sa'in.
What does this mean? How much did the animal eat?

(b) Why do we not simply assess the Kav as one sixth of a Beis Sa'ah (period)?

(a) According to Rebbi Yanai, we reckon a Tarkav in sixty Tarkavin.
What is a 'Tarkav'?

(b) He disagrees with Rebbi Yossi b'Rebbi Chanina on the grounds that the assessment of a Sa'ah in sixty Sa'in would cause the Nizak an unfair loss.
Why is that?

(c) Chizkiyah's assessment is the closest to the Pasuk ("u'Bi'er bi'S'dei Acher").
What does he say?

(a) The Beraisa says that if an animal ate a Kav or two, we do not reckon just what it ate, but as if it was a small row.
Why does this Beraisa pose a Kashya on all three opinions?

(b) How do the three Amora'im interpret the Beraisa?

(a) Another Beraisa states 'Ein Shamin Kav Mipnei she'Mashbicho, ve'Lo Beis Kur Mipnei she'Pogmo'.
How does Rav Papa interpret ...

1. ... 'Ein Shamin Kav'?
2. ... 'Mipnei she'Mashbicho'?
3. ... 've'Lo Beis Kur'?
4. ... 'Mipnei she'Pogmo'?

(b) What would one in fact do in either case?

(c) What objection does Rav Huna bar Mano'Aach ... raise against Rav Papa's explanation?

(d) How does he finally explain ...

1. ... 'Ein Shamin Kav'?
2. ... 'Mipnei she'Mashbi'cho'?
3. ... 've'Lo Beis Kur'?
4. ... 'Mipnei she'Pogmo'?

(a) What did the Resh Galusa (the Exilarch) rule when Reuven chopped down a Kasba belonging to Shimon? What is a 'Kasba'?

(b) Why was Reuven unhappy with the Resh Galusa's ruling?

(c) So he took his case to Rav Nachman.
What did Rav Nachman rule?

(d) On what grounds did Rava object to Rav Nachman's ruling?

(a) Abaye quotes a Beraisa which he (correctly) presumes is the source of Rava's stringent view in the case of damage perpetrated by Adam ha'Mazik. What does the Beraisa say with regard to Reuven who destroyed Shimon's fig-orchard or vineyard when it was in the stage of S'madar (immediately aft er the fig or grape blossoms have turned into berries)?

(b) How does Abaye refute Rava's proof from here that Nizkei Adam do not require one in sixty?

(a) What did the Gozrei Gezeiros (Admon and Chanan ben Avshalom) rule with regard to someone whose animal destroyed a sapling of ...

1. ... one year old?
2. ... two years old?

(b) According to Rebbi Yossi Hagelili, if it ate Shachas, one assesses what the row will be worth when it is fully-grown, and the owner pays accordingly.
What is 'Shachas?

(c) What do the Chachamim say?

(d) They say the same in a case where the animal ate S'madar.
What does Rebbi Yehoshua say there?

(a) Rebbi Shimon bar Yehudah cites Rebbi Shimon, who agrees with the Chachamim in certain cases.
In which cases does he ...

1. ... agree with them?
2. ... argue?

(b) What does Abaye prove from the Chachamim (against Rava)?

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