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1) [line 24] TAMUN - an item that was hidden or covered
2a) [line 26] LICHECHAH NIRO - the fire parched his friend's plowed field
b) [line 27] SICHSECHAH AVANAV - the fire scorched his friend's stones

3) [line 28] SHOR PESULEI HA'MUKDASHIN
(a) Pesulei ha'Mukdashin are Korbanos that became unfit to be offered upon the Mizbe'ach because of a Mum (blemish). After they are redeemed, it is still forbidden to work with them ("Avodah") or to shear them ("Gizah"). The milk they produce is also forbidden. They are only permitted to be eaten after being slaughtered (Bechoros 15b).
(b) Because of these restrictions, Pesulei ha'Mukdashin are excluded from the specifications of the verse that states "Ba'al ha'Bor Yeshalem veha'Mes Yiheyeh *Lo*" - "The owner of the pit shall make restitution and the carcass will be *his*." As a result, when an animal of Pesulei ha'Mukdashin falls into a pit, the owner of the pit is exempt from liability.
(c) The Mishnah in Bechoros (5:1) states that Pesulei ha'Mikdashin may be sold in the marketplace and weighed with a Roman Libra, a pound. These acts are normally considered unfitting for Kodshim, and are prohibited to be done to a Bechor.

4a) [line 32] DASH - threshing
b) [line 32] DASH B'NIRO - threshing or trampling a person's plowed field, necessitating re-plowing

5) [line 36] BOR TISH'AH - a pit nine Tefachim deep that is not deep enough to kill an animal that falls into it

6) [last line] MARBEH B'CHAVILAH - adding fuel to a fire

7) [line 11] HAVEI YASVINAN TEFEI PURSA V'KAIMIN - we would have sat just a while longer and then gotten up before the bench broke

8) [line 14] DEB'HADI D'SAMICH BEHU, TAVAR - [he did not sit, rather,] as he leaned on them it broke

9) [line 16] KOL HEICHA D'GUFO TAVAR, KOCHO NAMI TAVAR - there is no difference in liability whether he breaks it with Gufo (his body) or whether it was merely Kocho (his [direct] power [when he leaned on them).

10) [line 27] HA'BE'ALIM METAPLIM BA'NEVEILAH - (lit. the owner must deal with the carcass) The Mazik only has to pay for the difference between what it was worth when it was alive and what the carcass is worth; the owner has to deal with [selling] the carcass

11) [line 28] "[U']MAKEH NEFESH BEHEMAH YESHALMENAH; [NEFESH TACHAS NAFESH.]" - "[And] he who strikes mortally the life of a beast shall make restitution; [a life for a life.]" (Vayikra 24:18) - i.e. he must pay its market value

12) [line 29] "IM TAROF YITAREF YEVI'EHU ED; HE'TEREFAH LO YESHALEM" - "If it is torn in pieces, then let him bring a witness, and he shall not have to pay for that which was torn." (Shemos 22:12)

13) [line 29] AD TEREFAH YESHALEM; TEFREFAH ATZMAH LO YESHALEM - the loss incurred through its death he must pay, but the value of the carcass he need not pay

14) [line 30] "VEHA'MES YIHEYEH LO" - "[Or if it is known that the ox was accustomed to goring in times past, and its owner has not kept watch over it; he shall surely pay ox for ox;] and the dead [carcass] shall be his (the Nizak's) own." (Shemos 21:36)

15) [line 32] AMART!? LO KACH HAYAH!- clearly you cannot learn that way
16a) [line 38] MAMONA KA MAZIK - where it is his property that is perpetrating the damage
b) [line 39] B'GUFA MAZIK - where the person himself is doing the damage

17) [last line] PECHAS NEVEILAH - the depreciation in value of the carcass of the dead animal between the time it was killed and Ha'amadah b'Din (the time of the court case)

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