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Beitzah 14
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BEITZAH 11-15 - Ari Kornfeld has generously sponsored the Dafyomi
publications for these Dafim, for the benefit of Klal Yisrael
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1) [line 1] MECHACHU ALAH - they laugh about it
2) [line 5] NIDOCHIN - are ground, crushed
3) [line 5] MADOCH SHEL ETZ - a wooden pestle
4) [line 5] PACH - a flask made of pottery
5) [line 5] ETZ HA'PARUR - (O.F. poje) a ladle, a large spoon
6) [line 11] MEFIGIN TA'AMAN - they lose their flavor
7) [line 14] MORIKA - saffron
8) [line 24] KI DAICHAS - when you grind [salt]
9) [line 24] ATZLEI ATZLUYEI V'DOCH - tilt [the mortar at an angle] and
grind
10) [line 25] KAL BUCHNA - the sound of a pestle [grinding salt]
11) [line 25] MI'GAVEI D'VEISA'I - from my house
12) [line 26] TZALIL KALEI - its sound is clear, ringing
13) [line 27] NEVUCHEI MENABACH - make a crunching sound (O.F. croissant -
barking)
14) [line 28] TISNEI - wheat that is split in four (see Berachos 37a and
Background to Berachos 37:3d, where this is called "Zariz")
15) [line 29] MACHTESHES - a mortar
14b---------------------------------------14b
16a) [line 1] HA LAN - this [Halachah, that it is permissible to use a small
mortar] applies to us [in Bavel, (a) where we do not have recalcitrant
slaves] (RASHI); (b) where our grain loses its flavor if ground on Erev Yom
Tov (RAMBAM Hilchos Yom Tov 3:13); (c) where we are accustomed to eating
Daisa that is ground in a large mortar; therefore, using a small mortar is
enough of a Shinuy (IS D'MEFARSHEI, cited by the Me'iri)
b) [line 1] V'HA LEHU - that [Halachah, where even a small mortar is
forbidden] applies to them [in Eretz Yisrael, (a) who have slaves that will
use a large mortar and claim that they used a small mortar] (RASHI); (b)
where the grain is hearty and does not lose its flavor if ground on Erev Yom
Tov] (RAMBAM ibid.); (c) who only eat small amounts of Daisa during the
year, and a small mortar is normally used (IS D'MEFARSHEI, cited by the
Me'iri)
17) [line 2] DAISA - a dish of ground wheat, grits
18) [line 4] DAYIK TEFEI - ground very fine
19) [line 5] KALIF TZAHAREI - it was shiny, as if it had been recently
ground
20) [line 6] PERITZUSA D'AVDEI - waywardness and disregard for the Halachah
on the part of the slaves
21a) [line 9] KANON - a reed basket or pan that is wide at one end and
narrow at the other end which is used to remove the outer shell of beans. As
the beans slip through the pan the waste gets caught.
b) [line 10] TAMCHUY - a plate or tray
c) [line 10] TAVLA - a board
d) [line 10] NAPAH - a sieve
e) [line 11] KEVARAH - a basket used as a sieve
22) [line 11] MEDI'ACH V'SHOLEH - he washes (soaks) it in water and removes
the chaff that floats on the surface of the water
23a) [line 16] NAFISH B'TIRCHA - the amount of effort required to remove the
waste is greater than the amount of effort required to remove the substance
that is needed (because the waste is broken into smaller pieces)
b) [line 17] V'ZUTAR B'SHI'URA - but there is less of it (the waste)
24) [line 22] GILEI - straw
25) [line 24] MANOS - portions of food that are ready to be eaten
26) [line 26] SALASOS - types of fine flour
27) [line 28] SHE'LO YA'ASENU B'SHURAH - he should not send them with a line
of (many) people
28) [line 32] LUDIYOS - gladiators food made from (beans or) wheat
29) [line 34] RESISIN - groats
30) [line 35] TEFURIN - sewn
31) [line 36] KIL'AYIM (SHA'ATNEZ)
Sha'atnez is a mixture of wool and linen which is prohibited, as it states
in Devarim 22:11. Chazal teach that the word Sha'atnez is made up of three
smaller words -- "Shu'a" (combed), "Tavi" (spun) and "Noz" (wound or woven
together).
[1] NOZ:
(a) RASHI (Nidah 61b DH v'Noz) learns that Noz means *woven together* (when
the wool and linen are joined to each other by needle).
(b) TOSFOS (Nidah 61b DH Shua Tavi v'Noz) disagrees with Rashi's
explanation. We learn that the prohibition of Sha'atnez applies only when
the wool and linen are woven together from the word "Yachdav" in the verse.
If so, Noz does not mean "woven together." Rather, Noz means that the
threads must be *wound together*.
(c) The RASH on the Mishnayos (Kil'ayim 9:8) agrees with Rashi with regard
to Noz.
[2] TOGETHER OR INDEPENDENTLY:
(a) RASHI (ibid.) holds that the wool and linen must be Shu'a, Tavi, v'Noz
together. That is, the strands of wool must be combed and spun together with
the strands of linen in order to transgress the prohibition of Sha'atnez. If
the strands of wool are combed or spun separately from the strands of linen,
even though they are later sewn into a garment together, the Torah
prohibition of Sha'atnez has not been transgressed.
(b) TOSFOS (ibid.) learns that Shua, Tavi, v'Noz means that each type of
material is combed, spun, and wound by itself, and afterwards the wool and
linen threads are sewn together.
(c) The RASH (ibid.) learns like Tosfos that if each type of thread is
processed separately and later combined, the prohibition of Sha'atnez has
been transgressed.
32) [line 36] SANDAL HA'MESUMAR - a wooden sandal that has nail-heads
protruding from its sole, which may be worn forwards or backwards.
METHOD OF CONSTRUCTION: A block of wood was covered in the center by a piece
of leather that allowed the foot to enter. The leather was nailed down on
both sides, with the nail-heads protruding slightly from the bottom of the
wood. A long strap extending from both sides was attached in the center by
nails, which was used to secure the sandal on the foot. The wooden block is
called *Sole*, the upper piece of leather is called *Panta* and the straps
are called *Treisiyos* (Rashi to Shabbos 60b DH Ela l'Chazek and DH
Treisiyosav) (see Graphic #1 to Shabbos 60a)
33) [line 39] SHE'NE'OSIN BO - from which people derive benefit
34) [line 41] L'MEIMACH TUSEI - to fold, spread beneath him
35) [line 41]"U'VEGED KIL'AYIM SHA'ATNEZ LO YA'ALEH ALECHA" - "and a garment
that is a mixture of combined fibers shall not go up onto you" (Vayikra
19:19)
36) [line 42] L'HATZIO TACHTECHA - to spread the garment under you
37) [line 43] SHEMA TIKARECH LO NIMA AL BESARO - perhaps one thread will
fold over and cover his skin
38) [line 43] D'MAFSIK MIDI BEINI BEINI - that something is placed between
the person and the Kilayim
39) [line 45] MATZA'OS - sheets; bedspreads
40) [last line] VILON - a curtain
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