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1) IDOLS ATTACHED TO THE GROUND

(a) (Mishnah): If Nochrim worship mountains and hills, the mountains and hills are permitted, what is on them is forbidden - "Lo Sachmod Kesef v'Zahav Aleihem";
(b) R. Yosi ha'Galili says, "Eloheihem Al he'Harim" - their gods on the mountains, the mountains are not (Ri - considered; R. Tam - forbidden like) their gods.
(c) Question: Why is an Asheirah forbidden (also trees are attached!)?
(d) Answer: Because man had a part in (planting) it;

1. Anything man had a part in becomes forbidden (if Ne'evad).

(e) R. Akiva says, (do not expound similarly, "V'Tachas Kol Etz Ra'anan" - under every fresh tree, the trees are not their gods - rather, it comes to teach that) on every high mountain, hill and fresh tree, the Kana'anim put idols (we must find and destroy it).
(f) (Gemara) Question: R. Yosi ha'Galili agrees with Chachamim (the first Tana)!
(g) Answer #1 (Rami bar Chama): They argue about the covering of a mountain;

1. Chachamim hold that it is not considered like a mountain, it can become forbidden; R. Yosi ha'Galili holds that it is considered like a mountain, it is permitted.

(h) Answer #2 (Rav Sheshes): All agree that the covering of a mountain is not considered like a mountain;

1. They argue about a tree (Rashi - a seed; Tosfos - a sapling) that was planted and later Ne'evad: Chachamim permit it, R. Yosi ha'Galili forbids it.

(i) Question: What is Rav Sheshes' source to say this?
(j) Answer (Mishnah): Why is an Asheirah forbidden? Because man had a part in it, *anything* man had a part in becomes forbidden.
(k) Question: What does this come to include?
(l) Answer: This includes a tree that was planted and later Ne'evad.
(m) R. Yosi b'Rebbi Yehudah also forbids a tree that was planted and later Ne'evad.

1. (Beraisa - R. Yosi b'Rebbi Yehudah): It says "Eloheihem Al he'Harim" - their gods on the mountains, the mountains are not their gods;
2. One might have thought to expound similarly, "V'Tachas Kol Etz Ra'anan" - under every fresh tree, the trees are not their gods - "Va'Ashereihem Tisrefun ba'Esh" teaches, this is not so.
3. Question: What do we learn from "V'Tachas Kol Etz Ra'anan"?
4. Answer: That teaches as R. Akiva taught.

i. (Mishnah - R. Akiva): (It comes to teach that) on every high mountain, hill and fresh tree, the Kana'anim put idols.

5. Question: What do Chachamim learn from "Va'Ashereihem Tisrefun ba'Esh"?
6. Answer: This forbids a tree that was planted in order to worship it.

(n) Question: Also R. Yosi b'Rebbi Yehudah should only learn about a tree that was planted in order to worship it!
(o) Answer: Indeed, that is true.

(a) Question: What is his source for a tree that was planted and later Ne'evad?
(b) Answer: "Va'Ashereihem Tigade'un (you cut it, leaving a stump)";

1. Question: When is the stump of an Asheirah permitted, but the rest is forbidden?
2. Answer: If a tree was planted, and later it was Ne'evad (what grew afterwards is forbidden).

(c) Question: But the Beraisa said that he learned from "Va'Ashereihem Tisrefun ba'Esh"!
(d) Answer: It means, if not for "Va'Ashereihem Tisrefun ba'Esh", one would have thought that "Va'Ashereihem Tigade'un" discusses a tree that was planted in order to worship it;

1. Now that "Va'Ashereihem Tisrefun ba'Esh" forbids such trees, "Va'Ashereihem Tigade'un" forbids a tree that was planted and later Ne'evad.

(e) Question: What do Chachamim learn from "Va'Ashereihem Tigade'un"?
(f) Answer: They learn R. Yehoshua ben Levi's law.

1. (R. Yehoshua ben Levi): Benei Yisrael were commanded to cut Asheiros before conquering Eretz Yisrael, and to burn them after the conquest.
2. (Rav Yosef): "V'Nitaztem Es Mizbechosam" - then leave them (their broken altars); "v'Shibartem Es Matzevosam" - then leave them.
3. Objection: This cannot be - they must be burned!
4. Answer (Rav Huna): We leave them while pursuing the Kana'anim; after the conquest, we burn them.

(g) Question: What is R. Yosi b'Rebbi Yehudah's source for this?
(h) Answer: "Abed Te'abdun" - destroy, and later (finish to) destroy.

1. Chachamim learn from this that one must tear out all the roots of idolatry (e.g. Asheiros).

(i) Question: What is R. Yosi b'Rebbi Yehudah's source for this?
(j) Answer: "V'Ibadtem Es Shemam".
(k) Chachamim learn from this the Mitzvah to make nicknames for idolatry.

1. (Beraisa - R. Eliezer): "V'Ibadtem Es Shemam" - one must tear out all the roots of idolatry.
2. R. Akiva says, we already learn that from "Abed Te'abdun"!

i. "V'Ibadtem Es Shemam" commands to make nicknames for idolatry.