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1) INVALID CHALITZAH

(a) (Shmuel): If he did Chalitzah to the sisters, their Tzaros are not exempted.
(b) Question: Where Shimon could do proper Chalitzah (i.e. when Reuven did Chalitzah on the 1st sister), Reuven will do invalid Chalitzah?!
(c) Answer: When Shmuel said, one does Chalitzah to all of them - he meant, the 1st and 3rd.
(d) Objection: But he said all of them!
(e) Answer #1: Since he does Chalitzah to the majority, this is called all of them.
(f) Answer #2: Shmuel only said that proper Chalitzah is needed to exempt the Tzarah; but the one who does Chalitzah herself is exempted in any case.
(g) (Shmuel): If he did Chalitzah to the sisters, their Tzaros are not exempted; if he did Chalitzah to the Tzaros, the sisters Tzaros are exempted;
(h) If he did Chalitzah to the Yevamah that received a Get, her Tzarah is not exempted;
(i) If he did Chalitzah to the Tzarah, the Yevamah that received a Get is exempted;
(j) If he did Chalitzah to the Yevamah that received a Ma'amar, her Tzarah is not exempted;
(k) If he did Chalitzah to the Tzarah, the Yevamah that received a Ma'amar is exempted;
(l) When he does Chalitzah to the sisters, the Tzaros are not exempted, because the Chalitzah is invalid.

1. Each sister is the sister of his Zikah-wife.

(m) Question: Similarly, when he does Chalitzah to the Tzaros, the sisters should not be exempted, because the Chalitzah is invalid!

1. Each is the Tzarah of the sister of his Zikah-wife!

(n) Answer #1: Shmuel holds, there is not Zikah.

1. Objection: But Shmuel said, there is Zikah!
2. Answer: Here, Shmuel speaks according to the opinion that there is Zikah.
3. Question: If so, when he does Chalitzah to the sisters, why aren't the Tzaros exempted?

i. We understand why the Tzarah of Rachel (the 2nd to do Chalitzah) is not exempted - since he already did Chalitzah to Leah, Rachel's Chalitzah is invalid.
ii. But the Chalitzah of Leah was valid - her Tzarah should be exempted!

4. Answer: Correct! When he said, the Tzaros are not exempted - he referred to the Tzarah of Rachel.
5. Objection: But he said the Tzaros (plural)!
6. Answer: In all such cases, the Tzaros of Rachel are not exempted.
7. Question: If so - when he did Chalitzah to the Tzaros, the sisters are exempted - is Rachel really exempted by the Chalitzah of her Tzarah?

i. (Mishnah): A man is forbidden to the Tzarah of the relative of his Chalutzah (the woman he did Chalitzah with) (therefore, the Chalitzah of Rachel's Tzarah is invalid!)

8. Answer: Shmuel's teaching was as follows: If he started doing Chalitzah with the sisters, he does not finish with the Tzaros, because a Mishnah teaches, a man is forbidden to the Tzarah of the relative of his Chalutzah;
9. If he started doing Chalitzah with the Tzaros, he may finish even with the sisters, because a Mishnah teaches, a man is permitted to the relative of the Tzarah of his Chalutzah.

(o) Answer #2 (Rav Ashi): Really, Shmuel holds of Zikah, and even the Tzarah of Leah is not exempted.

1. The Chalitzah of Rachel's Tzarah is considered a proper Chalitzah, since Zikah is not so strong to make the Tzarah as Ervah.

(p) Support (Beraisa): If he did Chalitzah to the sisters, the Tzaros are not exempted.

1. We infer, Chalitzah to the Tzaros would exempt the sisters.
2. Suggestion: The reason is, there is Zikah, but Zikah is not so strong to make the Tzarah as Ervah.
3. Rejection: (Rav Aba Bar Mamel): The Beraisa is as Beis Shamai.

i. (Mishnah): Beis Shamai permit the Tzaros to the brothers.

4. Question: If so, even Yibum should be allowed!
5. Answer: The Beraisa is as R. Yochanan Ben Nuri, who suggested that we enact that all Tzaros do Chalitzah but not Yibum.
6. Objection: But we learned, they were not able to enact this in time!
7. Answer (Rav Nachman Bar Yitzchak): Later, it was enacted.

2) ON WHICH YEVAMAH SHOULD CHALITZAH BE DONE?

(a) Question: One Yevamah received a Get; another, a Ma'amar - which should do Chalitzah (to exempt the other)?

1. Perhaps the recipient of the Get is preferable, since she started being cast off.
2. Perhaps the recipient of the Ma'amar is preferable, since she is closer to doing Yibum.

(b) Answer (Rav Ashi - Mishnah): R. Gamliel admits that a Get takes effect after a Ma'amar, and a Ma'amar after a Get.

1. If a Get is more potent - a Ma'amar would not take effect after it!
2. If a Ma'amar is more potent - a Get would not take effect after it!
3. It must be, they are equal.

(c) (Rav): 2 sisters fell to Yibum to 1 Yavam. He did Chalitzah to 1, she is permitted; he did Chalitzah to the other, she is permitted;
(d) If the 1st died, he is permitted to the 2nd - all the more so, if the 2nd died, he is permitted to the 1st.

1. A Yevamah that was permitted, became forbidden, and the reason for the prohibition goes away - she is again permitted.

(e) (R. Yochanan): If the 2nd died, he is permitted to the 1st - but if the 1st died, he is forbidden to the 2nd.

1. Any Yevamah to which we cannot apply "Her Yavam will do Yibum with her" when she fell to Yibum (i.e. she was prohibited), is as the wife of a brother that had children (and may never do Yibum).

(f) Question: Does Rav really argue on this?

1. (Rav): Any Yevamah to which we cannot apply "Her Yavam will do Yibum with her" when she fell to Yibum, is as the wife of a brother that had children.

(g) Answer: Rav only said this regarding the Torah prohibition of a wife's sister - here, Zikah is only Rabbinic, we are not stringent.
(h) Question (R. Yosi Bar Chanina - Mishnah): 4 brothers, 2 are married to sisters, and they die; the sisters do Chalitzah, not Yibum.

1. Let 1 brother do Chalitzah on the 2nd - the 1st is a Yevamah that was permitted, forbidden and again permitted - Yibum should be allowed!

(i) Response (R. Yochanan): I do not know who taught that Mishnah (it is not a valid Mishnah).

1. Suggestion: Explain the Mishnah to say that 1 does Chalitzah!
2. Rejection: It says, *they* do Chalitzah!
3. Suggestion: Say that this refers to cases in general (all the 2nd sisters to fall do Chalitzah)!
4. Rejection: It says, *these* do Chalitzah!
5. Suggestion: Say that the Mishnah deals with the case that the 1st did Chalitzah first!