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Bechoros 16
*********************GIRSA SECTION*********************
We recommend using the textual changes suggested by the Bach, the Tzon
Kodshim and the parenthetical marginal notes of the Vilna Shas. This section
is devoted to any *OTHER* changes that we feel ought to be made in the
Gemara and Rashi)
[1] Gemara 16a [line 43]:
From the words of Rabeinu Gershom it can be learned that
the words "*d'Avad* *Ikri* v'Achal"
should be "*d'Avar* *Ikriv* v'Achal"
[2] Rashi 16b DH Veladoseihen:
The words "v'Shaicha b'Dor *Acher* Tefei"
should be "v'Shaicha b'Dor *Echad* Tefei"
(as they appear in the Bartenurah)
*******************************************************
1) [line 12] DOKIN SHEBA'AYIN - (lit. eye's web, O.F. teile) refers to a
thin film (cataract?) that develops due to an eye-disease, which is
considered to be a blemish, or, alternatively, a cut on the eyelids, that
disqualifies an animal from being brought as a Korban, as the Torah states
in Vayikra 21:20. See Background to Menachos 78:38 with regard to blemishes
that invalidate an animal from being offered as a sacrifice.
2) [line 20] BECHOR U'MA'ASER
(a) A Bechor without a Mum is brought as a Korban by the Kohen to whom it
was given. It may only be eaten by Kohanim. If it has a Mum, the Kohen
slaughters it and eats it himself. He may share it with anyone (see Mishnah,
Bechoros 32b).
(b) Ma'aser Behemah without a Mum is brought by its owner as a Korban, the
meat of which is eaten by the owner himself. If it has a Mum, the owner
slaughters and eats it outside of the Beis ha'Mikdash.
*3*) [line 29] V'HA LO ALIMA L'MITPAS PIDYONAH - and this one ("v'Ha") does
not have enough Kedushah to take hold on the object with which it is
redeemed! (Therefore, its own Kedushah remains intact. This is not a
question but a statement.)
4) [line 33] CHAMESH CHATA'OS MESOS
There are five Chata'os that are put to death by being locked up without
food until they die:
- The offspring of a Chatas
- The Temurah (see Background to Bechoros 14:5) of a Chatas
- A Chatas the owner of which has died
- A Chatas of a sheep or goat that became a year old (and is therefore invalid as a Korban Chatas), the owner of which brought a different Chatas to atone for his sins
- A Chatas that was lost and was later found with a Mum, the owner of which brought a different Chatas to atone for his sins (Temurah 21b)
5) [line 38] KOL SHEB'CHATAS MESAH, B'ASHAM RO'AH - an Asham which is in one
of the above five categories grazes until it develops a Mum, after which it
is redeemed. Its value is used to purchase an Olas Nedavah for the Tzibur
6) [line 42] HEICHA D'AVAD (D'AVAR) IKRI (IKRIV) V'ACHAL - where it happened
that he ate [from it]; alt. Girsa: where he transgressed and offered it [as
a Korban] and ate [from it]
7) [last line] TZON BARZEL - lit. iron sheep, i.e. sheep that retain their
value.
The Nochri sold his sheep to a Jew with the condition that he would pay him
after a period of ten years. They also agreed that all the offspring born
during that period would be divided between them.
16b---------------------------------------16b
8) [line 4] SHE'ACHRAYUSAN LA'OVED KOCHAVIM - they are collateral for the
Nochri
9) [line 7] D'CHEIVAN D'LO NAKAT MARA ZUZEI, BI'RESHUSA D'MARA KAIMEI -
since the owner did not receive money for them, they remain in the owner's
possession
10) [line 11] D'KABIL ALEI ONSA V'ZOLA - the Nochri accepted upon himself
any loss due to accidents and devaluation
11) [line 14] MAI PASKA? - Why did the Tana write it without qualification?
*12*) [line 25] AMAR RAV HUNA "VELADOS PETURIM" - in the *first* case of the
Mishnah, when the Jew did *not* specify that the Nochri could take the
offspring in lieu of their mother, only the first generation of offspring
are exempt from Bechorah
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